Aplysia californica interneurone L10 forms a set of presynaptic connections with many postsynaptic 'follower' cells in the abdominal ganglion. These followers do not connect back to L10. The present study tests whether the direction and sign of these connections are obligatory and are reconstructed when neuronal processes regenerate in vitro. L10 was co-cultured with one of six different follow...

Prolonged inactivity induces muscle loss due to an activation of proteolysis and decreased protein synthesis; the latter is also involved in the recovery of muscle mass. The aim of the present work was to explore the evolution of muscle mass and protein metabolism during immobilization and recovery and assess the effect of a nutritional strategy for counteracting muscle loss and facilitating re...

The paper provides an ex-post analysis of the determinants within-country regional heterogeneity labour market impact COVID-19. By focussing on first wave pandemic in four largest euro area economies, it finds that propagation economic across regions cannot be explained by spread infections only. Instead, a region’s structure is significant driver observed heterogeneity. Moreover, our results s...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of decreased food consumption on evaluation of myelotoxicity in routine general toxicity studies. Male rats were divided into the following 7 groups: 12, 15, and 18 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment groups (FU12, FU15 and FU18); dietary restriction groups (R12, R15 and R18 receiving the same amount of food as the rats in the FU12, FU15 and...

This study examined the effects of extended sessions of heavy intermittent exercise on quadriceps muscle fatigue and weakness. Twelve untrained volunteers (10 men and 2 women), with a peak oxygen consumption of 44.3 +/- 2.3 ml.kg(-1).min(-1), exercised at approximately 91% peak oxygen consumption for 6 min once per hour for 16 h. Muscle isometric properties assessed before and after selected re...

OBJECTIVE We evaluated intra- and interoperator reproducibilities in calculating the conventional indices HH15 and LHL15 from (99m)Tc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid galactosyl human serum albumin ((99m)Tc-GSA) scintigraphy, and proposed new, simple methods for the calculation of quantitative indices. METHODS The results of (99m)Tc-GSA scintigraphy in 33 patients were retrospectively anal...

AIM/BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of 3 classifications for assessing liver function, the liver damage and Child-Pugh classifications and the newly proposed albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade, in order to examine the feasibility of evaluating hepatic function using ALBI grade with the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment algorithm used in Japan. METHODS We a...

The endogenously bursting pacemaker neuron R15 of Aplysia exhibits an inwardly rectifying K+ current (IR) that was shown previously to be enhanced by various neurotransmitters via the intracellular second messenger, cyclic AMP (Drummond et al., 1980; Benson and Levitan, 1983; Levitan et al., 1987). Here we present evidence that Ca2+ influx, either caused by spontaneous bursting activity or elic...