Solar radiation data are required for many applications and areas of research. In order to achieve this, several empirical models have been suggested predict the global solar in Turkey other countries. The different meteorological as radiation, sunshine duration, temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind speed relative humidity were measured by Eskisehir Osmangazi University during period between...

Transgenic tumor models provide the closest animal approximation of human cancer development and progression, and a challenging treatment model. The orthotopic location of these tumors presents challenges in testing radiation therapies because conventional radiation models using patient linear accelerators or untargeted units with selective shielding are difficult or impractical in transgenic t...

The loss of energy especially in industrial and residential buildings is one of the main reasons of increased energy consumption. Improving the thermal insulation properties of materials is a fundamental method for reducing the energy losses. Polymeric foams are introduced as materials with excellent thermal insulation properties for this purpose. In the present study, a deep theoretical invest...

annually, many people are irradiated for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. assessment of radiation dose and its related risks to patients are important issues in radiation protection dosimetry. the complex mathematical calculations of the absorbed and effective doses are now done with computers. the calculations are performed with the help of anthropomorphic computational models of human bod...

1. introduction the process by which the net radiation is transformed to the atmospheric dynamical energy, occur to a large degree at the interface between the surface and the atmosphere. as the driving force for such process, an accurate estimation of the net radiation at the earth’s surface is a necessary input for surface process models. net radiation is a key component in the surface radiat...

In order to design a solar energy system with optimized performance a through knowledge of solar radiation data for a considerably long period (20-25 years) is a pre-requisite. For developing countries like Pakistan, the need of empirical models to assess the feasibility of solar energy utilization seems inevitable due to the absence and scarcity of trust-worthy solar radiation data. We present...

Received ; accepted – 2 – ABSTRACT We calculate the intergalactic photon density as a function of both energy and redshift for 0 < z < 6 for photon energies from .003 eV to the Lyman limit cutoff at 13.6 eV in a ΛCDM universe with Ω Λ = 0.7 and Ω m = 0.3. The basic features of our backwards evolution model for galaxies were developed in Malkan and Stecker (1998 and 2001). With a few improvement...

We estimate the deformation of the cosmic microwave background radiation by the hot region (“cocoon”) around a radio galaxy. A simple model by is adopted for cocoon evolution while the jet is on, and a model of evolution is constructed after the jet is off. It is found that at low redshift the phase after the jet is off is longer than the lifetime of the jets. The Compton y parameter generated ...