The subject of this investigation is the development of an accurate simulation of a truck impacting a strong-post w-beam guardrail. Detailed methods for system simulation are proposed and three major issues which involve the use of springs to simulate component crashworthiness behavior is investigated. Rail to blockout bolt connection, soil-post dynamic interaction, and effect of ends of guardr...

This paper explores the effects of cooperation between rail and air infrastructures in setting per-passenger fees prior to competition among airlines high-speed (HSR) a transport network. It is shown that, for sufficiently low degree substitution, results lower greater HSR traffic than under competition. Besides, it leads more connecting passengers. An empirical application allows quantitative ...

Freight transport has undesirable effects on the environment. The most prominent of these is greenhouse gas emissions. Intermodal freight transport, where freight is shipped from origin to destination by a sequence of at least two transportation modes, offers the possibility of shifting freight (either partially or in full) from one mode to another in the hope of reducing the greenhouse emissio...

Logistics cost, the cost of moving feedstock or products, is a key component of the overall cost of recovering energy from biomass. In this study, we calculate for small- and large-project sizes, the relative cost of transportation by truck, rail, ship, and pipeline for three biomass feedstocks, by truck and pipeline for ethanol, and by transmission line for electrical power. Distance fixed cos...

Word-learning likely involves a multiplicity of components, some domain-general, others domain-specific. Against the background of recent studies that suggest that word-learning is domain-specific, we investigated the associative component of word-learning. Seven- and 14-month-old infants viewed a pair of events in which a monkey or a truck moved back and forth, accompanied by a sung syllable o...

Abstract Reduced free time and increased fees for demurrage detention create organizational challenges with respect to intermodal transport. As a result, actors within the maritime supply chains are confronted greater complexity higher risk of costs; and, therefore, often fall back on transportation by truck from hinterland. That is why present research examines impact this evolution bottom lin...