the exponential growth of the flow of goods and passengers, fragility of certain products and the need for the optimization of transport costs impose on carriers to use more and more multimodal transport. in addition, the need for intermodal transport policy has been strongly driven by environmental concerns and to benefit from the combination of different modes of transport to cope with the in...

Recent Changes to the Railroad Retirement Act* The Social Security taxes shown are the employee taxes only and are derived by applying the combined OASDI and HI tax rates in the present law to the projected earnings amounts. The Federal income taxes shown are approximate and are based on a summary of the provisions of The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-34). For the years 1985 ...

The current guidance provided for alignment studies stems largely from Wellington’s “Economic Theory of The Location of Railways” which discusses the problem of minimizing grades and curves on a transcontinental scale. However, modern engineers often find themselves working on a less grand scale with shorter projects such as industrial spur build-ins and urban by-passes, and needing to consider...

to compare intubating conditions and hemodynamic changes between bonfils intubation fiberscope and macintosh laryngoscopy without administering neuromuscular blocking drugs (nmbds). methods: in this randomized controlled trial,80 male and female patients, scheduled for elective surgery, aged 15 to 60 years, asa class ii or i, non-obese, non smokers, without anticipated difficult intubation; wer...

The correct assessment of the condition of a railroad requires the consideration of different factors. Some factors, such as the condition of the ties, can be measured by inspecting features visible from the surface of the railway. Other factors include the condition of the ballast; it is important to recognize the critical situation in which any foreign object can be present on the ballast. Th...

A panel of individuals with expertise in the railroad industry provides an overview of Simulation within the Railroad Environment. The panelists discuss their work and highlight the issues, challenges, and benefits associated with application of simulation models. Topics presented are; • Model Development, the issues and challenges. • Role of Dispatch Model in Mainline Capacity Studies. • Benef...

In the last few years, there has been a significant effort in designing and developing efficient Weighted MaxSAT solvers. We study in detail the WPM1 algorithm identifying some weaknesses and proposing solutions to mitigate them. Basically, WPM1 is based on iteratively calling a SAT solver and adding blocking variables and cardinality constraints to relax the unsatisfiable cores returned by the...

A general methodology for fatigue reliability degradation of railroad wheels is proposed in this paper. Both fatigue crack initiation and crack propagation life are included in the proposed methodology using previously developed multiaxial fatigue models by the same authors. A response surface method in conjunction with design of experiments is used to develop a closed form approximation of the...

T H E AMENDMENTS to the Railroad Ret irement and Railroad Unemployment Insurance Acts, approved on July 31, 1 not only give railroad workers the most comprehensive system of social insurance i n the United States, i n terms of risks covered, but provide the first major, i f par t ia l , extension of the coverage of old-age and survivors insurance since the Social Security Act Amendments of 1939...