Single crystals of ScOH(CH3SO3)2 were obtained from a solution of Sc2(CO3)3 in methanesulfonic acid at pH 7. According to the X-ray single crystal structure determination, the compound crystallizes with the non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic space group Pmc21 (Z = 8, a = 743.92(8), b = 1497.7(3), c = 1540.1(2) pm, Rall = 0.0925) and contains the Sc3+ ions in octahedral coordination of oxygen atom...

Since the introduction of the alpha function by Rall in 1967 [12], there has been signi cant progress in our understanding of the molecular events underlying synaptic transmission. Particular receptor types have been identi ed and their activation kinetics characterized. It is now possible to develop models of these receptors, using a formalism similar to that introduced by Hodgkin and Huxley [...

The domination game on a graph G (introduced by B. Brešar, S. Klavžar, D.F. Rall [1]) consists of two players, Dominator and Staller, who take turns choosing a vertex from G such that whenever a vertex is chosen by either player, at least one additional vertex is dominated. Dominator wishes to dominate the graph in as few steps as possible, and Staller wishes to delay this process as much as po...

For many graphs parameters, criticality is a fundamental issue. For domination number, Brigham, Chinn, and Dutton began the study of graphs where the domination number decreases on the removal of any vertex. Brigham, Haynes, Henning, and Rall defined the term (γ, k)-critical and proved results for graphs that are (γ, 2)-critical or bicritical. A graph G is said to be (γ, k)-critical if γ(G − S)...

A graph G is called a prism fixer if γ(G×K2) = γ(G), where γ(G) denotes the domination number of G. A symmetric γ-set of G is a minimum dominating set D which admits a partition D = D1 ∪ D2 such that V (G)−N [Di] = Dj , i, j = 1, 2, i 6= j. It is known that G is a prism fixer if and only if G has a symmetric γ-set. Hartnell and Rall [On dominating the Cartesian product of a graph and K2, Discus...

Dialogue robots are attractive to people, and in language learning systems, they motivate learners and let them practice conversational skills in more realistic environment. However, automatic speech recognition (ASR) of the second language (L2) learners is still a challenge, because their speech contains not just pronouncing, lexical, grammatical errors, but is sometimes totally disordered. He...

Channel estimation is an essential part of many detection techniques proposed for data transmission over fading channels. For the frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel an autoregressive moving average representation is proposed based on the fading model parameters. The parameters of this representation are determined based on the fading channel characteristics, making it possible to emplo...

The packing chromatic number χρ(G) of a graph G is the smallest integer k such that the vertex set V (G) can be partitioned into disjoint classes X1, . . . , Xk, where vertices in Xi have pairwise distance greater than i. For the Cartesian product of a path and the 2-dimensional square lattice it is proved that χρ(Pm Z) = ∞ for any m ≥ 2, thus extending the result χρ(Z) = ∞ of Finbow and Rall [...

A. V. Hill shared the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his investigation of the energetics of muscular contraction. His scientific work has been well chronicled over many years (Rall JA. Mechanism of Muscular Contraction, 2014). There is the natural tendency to focus solely on an investigator's scientific achievements. But in the case of Hill, it has been said (Katz B. Biogr Mem F...

Scott, Reavis, Saunders, and White (1) have proposed a method of evaluating thyroidal function which depends upon knowledge of the distribution of iodide between erythrocytes and plasma in the blood. Their proposal is based upon the statement that the ratio C&/Cl, = 1,/I, = 0.5, where the subscripts c and p refer to cells and plasma, respectively. Earlier, Rall, Power, and Albert (2) had indica...