Although cell fate specification is tightly controlled to yield highly reproducible results and avoid extreme variation, developmental programs often incorporate stochastic mechanisms to diversify cell types. Stochastic specification phenomena are observed in a wide range of species and an assorted set of developmental contexts. In bacteria, stochastic mechanisms are utilized to generate transi...

background & aim: saffron (crocus sativus l.) formerly was important in turkey. saffron cultivation has been decreased and it is now only cultivated in three villages in this country. it is triploid and exclusively propagated in a vegetative way by corms. in turkey, saffron is traditionally planted by placing corms in rows randomly without grading or sorting; which results in placement of c...

the present study was conducted to estimate genetic parameters and genetic, environmental and phenotypic trends of milk production traits in holstein cattle of hamedan province. in this study 11986 305-d records of first three parities of hamedan province holstein cattle, which were gathered during 1990-2011, were used. variance-covariance components and breeding values were estimated using ani...

In this paper, we propose a simple heuristic approach for the inventory control problem with stochastic demand and multiplicative random yield. Our heuristic tries to find the best candidate within a class of policies which are referred to in the literature as the linear inflation rule (LIR) policies. Our approach is computationally fast, easy to implement and intuitive to understand. Moreover,...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to extend the analysis of the distribution-free newsvendor problem under the circumstance of customer balking, which usually occurs when customers are reluctant to buy products if the available inventory falls below a threshold level. Design/methodology/approach: A new tradeoff tool is provided as a replacement of the traditional one to weigh the holding co...

This paper shows how to set basestock levels in a multiproduct system with setups and random yield. The system is represented by a polling model and the inventory level of each product is controlled using a basestock policy. When the queue is empty, the inventory level is equal to the basestock level, thus the server will continue to serve the queue until it is empty. If the capacity of the que...

Aptamers are DNA oligonucleotides capable of binding different classes of targets with high affinity and selectivity. They are particularly attractive as affinity probes in multiplexed quantitative analysis of proteins. Aptamers are typically selected from large libraries of random DNA sequences in a general approach termed systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). SELE...

E. Noorollahi et al. / Mathematical and Computer Modelling 56 (2012) 80–96 81 Ta bl e 1 A co m pa ra tiv e an al ys is of th e lit er at ur e. Au th or s N o. pr od uc ts Ty pe of de fe ct iv es Ty pe of re w or ki ng Ty pe of in sp ec tio n Ty pe of ba ck lo g Si ng le M ul tip le N o de fe ct iv e Re w or ka bl e Sc ra pe s N ot al lo w ed Im pe rf ec tP er fe ct N ot us ed Sa m pl in g 10 0%...

This paper addresses a multi-period, multi-product sawmill production planning problem where the yields of processes are random variables due to non-homogeneous quality of raw materials (logs). In order to determine the production plans with robust customer service level, robust optimization approach is applied. Two robust optimization models with different variability measures are proposed, wh...

In many environments, product yield is heavily influenced by equipment condition. Despite this fact, previous research has either focused on the issue of maintenance, ignoring the effect of equipment condition on yield, or has focused on the issue of production, omitting the possibility of actively changing the machine state. We formulate a Markov decision process model of a single-stage produc...