Melilotus comprises 19 species, while the phylogenetic relationships between species remain unclear. In the present work, three chloroplast genes, rbcL, matK, trnL-F, and one nuclear region, ITS (internal transcribed spacer) belonging to 48 populations of 18 species of Melilotus were sequenced and phylogenetic trees were constructed to study their interspecific relationships. Based on the phylo...

DNA barcoding involves sequencing a standard region of DNA as a tool for species identification. However, there has been no agreement on which region(s) should be used for barcoding land plants. To provide a community recommendation on a standard plant barcode, we have compared the performance of 7 leading candidate plastid DNA regions (atpF-atpH spacer, matK gene, rbcL gene, rpoB gene, rpoC1 g...

The green algal photobionts of 12 Xanthoria, seven Xanthomendoza, two Teloschistes species and Josefpoeltia parva (all Teloschistaceae) were analyzed. Xanthoria parietina was sampled on four continents. More than 300 photobiont isolates were brought into sterile culture. The nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS; 101 sequences) and the large subunit of the RuBiSco gene (rb...

Single cell Chelex® DNA extraction and nested PCR amplification were used to examine partial gene sequences from natural diatom populations for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies at and above the level of species. DNA was extracted from cells that were either fresh collected or stored in RNAlater. Extractions from Lugol's fixation were also attempted with limited success. Three partial gene seq...

Universal primers for amplifying and sequencing a noncoding spacer between the atpB and rbcL genes of the chloroplast DNA were constructed from the published sequences of Marchantia (a liverwort), tobacco, and rice. Our results indicate an evolutionary trend of increasing spacer size from liverworts, through mosses, to vascular plants. This atpB-rbcL spacer is AT-rich, consistent with other chl...

DNA barcoding, as a tool for species discrimination, has been efficiently used in animals. However, there are still debates on which DNA region (s) can be adopted as the standard barcode (s) for land plants. In the present study, we evaluated the four proposed barcoding loci (matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA and ITS) on nine species of Nyssaceae. The results showed that ITS was the best performing single ...

Green tides are a serious global ecological disaster; the largest occur in Southern Yellow Sea (SYS). Early-stage green SYS composed of four species (Ulva prolifera, Ulva flexuosa, linza, and compressa). We found that U. aragoensis is constituent based on molecular data. Furthermore, this study re-evaluated proportion it was more prevalent micro-propagules cultured from surface seawater during ...

The current study focuses on the biological diversity of two strains Antarctic diatoms (strains IMA082A and IMA088A) collected isolated from Ross Sea (Antarctica) during XXXIV Italian Expedition. Both species presented typical morphological characters genus Craspedostauros: cribrate areolae, “fore-and-aft” chloroplasts a narrow “stauros”. This classification is congruent with molecular phylogen...

Traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces provide many essential genes for improving yield, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and other parameters future breeding. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity determine phylogenetic position of traditional from tidal swamp areas South Kalimantan, Indonesia, compared germplasm, including wild relatives, obtained GenBank databa...

In 1993, Mark Chase and 41 coauthors published phylogenetic analyses of two very large data sets of nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast gene rbcL, which encodes the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase. Their paper was important for several reasons. These analyses were (and still are) among the largest ever attempted using parsimony. The assembly of such a large number of ...