As the cloud computing market matures, effective pricing design remains a challenging problem. Electricity is a major contributor to the cloud’s recurring costs and may increase significantly in the near future. As the cloud market gets more competitive, there will be a need for more cost-conscious dynamic pricing design. Additionally, today’s cloud provider’s pricing mechanisms act almost obli...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (pHEVs) could represent the stepping stone to move towards a more sustainable mobility and combine the benefits of electric powertrains with the high range capability of conventional vehicles. Nevertheless, despite the huge potential in terms of CO2 emissions reduction, the performance of such vehicles has to be deeply investigated in real world driving conditio...

BACKGROUND Market Access Agreements (MAA) between pharmaceutical industry and health care payers have been proliferating in Europe in the last years. MAA can be simple discounts from the list price or very sophisticated schemes with inarguably high administrative burden. DISCUSSION We distinguished and defined from the health care payer perspective three kinds of MAA: Commercial Agreements (C...

This paper presents a novel scheduling scheme for the real-time home energy management systems based on Internet of Energy (IoE). The is multi-agent method that considers two chief purposes including user satisfaction and consumption cost. designed under environment microgrid. impact in terms cost savings generally significant system efficiency. That why domestic users are involved appliances. ...

This paper presents real time information based energy management algorithms to reduce electricity cost and peak to average ratio (PAR) while preserving user comfort in a smart home. We categorize household appliances into thermostatically controlled (tc), user aware (ua), elastic (el), inelastic (iel) and regular (r) appliances/loads. An optimization problem is formulated to reduce electricity...

This paper describes the new Engine Management System (EMS) ME7. Torque and A/F demands for modern EMS result from both, internal functions (i.e. engine start, idle speed control, catalyst heating) and external systems (i.e. driver’s request, transmission or vehicle dynamic control). With ME7 these demands are processed to the optimized actions of the actuators by a centrally coordinated torque...

Optimal distribution substation placement is one of the major components of optimal distribution system planning projects. In this paper optimal substation placement problem is solved using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) as a new developed heuristic optimization algorithm. This procedure gives the optimal size, site and installation time of medium voltage substation, using their relate...

the option-pricing problem is always an important part in modern finance. assuming that the stock diffusion is a constant, some literature has introduced many stock models and given corresponding option pricing formulas within the framework of the uncertainty theory. in this paper, we propose a new stock model with uncertain stock diffusion for uncertain markets. some option pricing formulas on...

With the development of microgrids (MGs), an energy management system (EMS) is required to ensure stable and economically efficient operation MG system. In this paper, intelligent EMS proposed by exploiting deep reinforcement learning (DRL) technique. DRL employed as effective method for handling computation hardness optimal scheduling charge/discharge battery storage in EMS. Since decision dep...

Worldwide energy shortages and the green revolution have triggered an increase in penetration of standalone microgrids. However, they limited generation capacity are wasteful when excess generated is curtailed. This presents opportunity for coordinated operation multiple prosumer microgrids that absorb this waste to enhance their resiliency reliability. paper proposes a reliable model with inbu...