Recombination-deficient mutants of Staphylococcus aureus have been isolated and found to have properties similar to those of recombination-deficient Escherichia coli. In addition, one Rec(-) mutant was found to be defective in the restriction and modification of DNA. There is a marked reduction ( approximately 10(4)-fold) in recombination between penicillinase plasmids in the Rec(-) mutants sug...

Recombination of electrolysis gases (oxidation of hydrogen and reduction of oxygen) is an important factor in operation efficiency of devices employing electrolysis such as actuators and also unitized regenerative fuel cells. Several methods of improving recombination speed and repeatability were developed for application to electrolysis microactuators with Nafion®-coated catalytic electrodes. ...

Meiotic recombination generates novel allelic arrays on chromosomes. Recent experiments have revealed an extraordinarily nonrandom distribution of recombination breakpoints along the lengths of plant chromosomes; for example, recombination breakpoints often resolve within genic sequences, and thereby generate novel alleles. The mechanism by which recombination breakpoints are determined is an a...

Mouse LTKcells were transfected with a pair of defective Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase ( t k ) genes. One tk gene had an 8-bp insertion mutation while the second gene had a 100-bp inversion. Extrachromosomal homologous recombination leading to the reconstruction of a functional tk gene was monitored by selecting for tk positive cells using medium supplemented with hypoxanthine/ aminopte...

Evolutionary biologists have identified several factors that could explain the widespread phenomena of sex and recombination. One hypothesis is that host-parasite interactions favor sex and recombination because they favor the production of rare genotypes. A problem with many of the early models of this so-called Red Queen hypothesis is that several factors are acting together: directional sele...

Although recombination cannot increase under conditions of random mating or complete selfing in regimes of constant selection, with mixed random mating and selfing, selection for increased recombination can occur. For some fitness regimes there may be selection for reduced recombination with both low and high degrees of selfing but selection for increased recombination with moderate degrees of ...

Recombination has an impact on genome evolution by maintaining chromosomal integrity, affecting the efficacy of selection, and increasing genetic variability in populations. Recombination rates are a key determinant of the coevolutionary dynamics between hosts and their pathogens. Historic recombination events created devastating new pathogens, but the impact of ongoing recombination in sexual ...

Recombination is a key evolutionary process that shapes the architecture of genomes and the genetic structure of populations. Although many statistical methods are available for the detection of recombination from DNA sequences, their absolute and relative performance is still unknown. Here we evaluated the performance of 14 different recombination detection algorithms. We used the coalescent w...

One of the genetic consequences of packaging two copies of full-length viral RNA into a single retroviral virion is frequent recombination during reverse transcription. Many of the currently circulating strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are recombinants. Recombination can also accelerate the generation of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 and therefore presents challenges to effect...

Traditional plant breeding relies on meiotic recombination for mixing of parental alleles to create novel allele combinations. Detailed analysis of recombination patterns in model organisms shows that recombination is tightly regulated within the genome, but frequencies vary extensively along chromosomes. Despite being a model organism for fruit developmental studies, high-resolution recombinat...