Five ruminally and abomasally cannulated heifers (average weight 365 kg) were fed 6 kg/d of early (EOG) or late (LOG) maturity orchardgrass (OG) hay with or without replacement of EOG or LOG by 1.5 kg/d red clover hay (RC) in a 5 x 5 Latin square design. A fifth treatment, of LOG supplemented with 100 g/d casein (LOG + C), was used to evaluate the effect of supplemental protein. In situ fiber d...

Supplying adequate amounts of soil N for plant growth during the growing season and across large agricultural fields is a challenge for conservational agricultural systems with cover crops. Knowledge about cover crop effects on N comes mostly from small, flat research plots and performance of cover crops across topographically diverse agricultural land is poorly understood. Our objective was to...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and tolerability of phytoestrogens for treatment of menopausal symptoms. DATA SOURCES We searched the Cochrane Library and MEDLINE from 1966 to March 2004, using a detailed list of terms related to phytoestrogens and menopausal symptoms and also hand-searched abstracts from relevant meetings. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION Randomized trials were eligible if they...

Abstract Red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage legume grown in many of the temperate regions around world. In order to evaluate possible causes for low seed yield particular tetraploid red clover, we surveyed 71 studies production published from 1948 2019, reviewing components, pollination and reproductive traits. Seed components are recorded contribute improve our understa...

Abstract Background Red clover ( Trifolium pratense ) is globally used as a fodder plant due its high nutritional value and soil improving qualities. In response to mowing, red exhibits specific morphological traits compensate the loss of biomass. The reaction well described, but underlying molecular mechanisms role for plants grown in field are unclear. Results Here, we characterize global tra...

Red clover (Trifolium pratense) leaves accumulate several mumol g(-1) fresh weight of phaselic acid [2-O-(caffeoyl)-l-malate]. Postharvest oxidation of such o-diphenols to o-quinones by endogenous polyphenol oxidases prevents breakdown of forage protein during storage. Forage crops like alfalfa (Medicago sativa) lack both polyphenol oxidase and o-diphenols, and breakdown of their protein upon h...