We present efficiently computable homomorphisms of the groups G2 and GT for pairings G1 × G2 → GT . This allows exponentiation in G2 and GT to be accelerated using the Gallant-Lambert-Vanstone method.

We measured the three-dimensional shape and two-dimensional surface reflectance contributions to human recognition of faces across viewpoint. We first divided laser scans of human heads into their two- and three-dimensional components. Next, we created shape-normalized faces by morphing the two-dimensional surface reflectance maps of each face onto the average three-dimensional head shape and r...

The study on soil spectral reflectance features is the physical basis for soil remote sensing. Soil organic matter content influences the soil spectral reflectance dramatically. This paper studied the spectral curves between 400nm~2500nm of 174 soil samples which were collected in Hengshan county and Yixing county. Fourteen types of transformation were applied to the soil reflectance R to remov...

Multispectral images of Mercury obtained by the MESSENGER spacecraft reveal that its surface has an overall relatively low reflectance with three large-scale units identified on the basis of reflectance and slope (0.4 to 1.0 micrometer). A higher-reflectance, relatively red material occurs as a distinct class of smooth plains that were likely emplaced volcanically; a lower-reflectance material ...

The relationship between the physical structure of carbon nanotube (CNT) honeycomb structures and their total, diffuse, and specular reflectance is investigated for the first time. It is found that CNT honeycomb structures with average cell areas of smaller than 30 μm² show a higher total reflectance. Particularly, a thinner, highly packed CNT (buckypaper) film, along with a larger wall height ...

Nonlinear estimation method of spectral reflectance from camera responses is proposed. The proposed method minimizes the mean square error of spectral reflectance when the reflectance can be regarded as a random sequence of Gaussian mixture distribution. In computer simulations, 168 samples of spectral reflectance from a color chart are estimated from their image signals obtained by three- and ...

Humans recognize optical reflectance properties of surfaces such as metal, plastic, or paper from a single image without knowledge of illumination. We develop a machine vision system to perform similar recognition tasks automatically. Reflectance estimation under unknown, arbitrary illumination proves highly underconstrained due to the variety of potential illumination distributions and surface...

Field goniometer measurements are a tool to generate a priori bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) knowledge for correction and validation of directional reflectance data acquired by airand spaceborne sensors. This study analyzes the diurnal hemispherical-directional reflectance factor data of an Alfalfa canopy measured during the Digital Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Experime...

In our method, real scene geometry is first approximately reconstructed from photographs. Additional images are taken from a single viewpoint with a real light in different positions to estimate reflectance. A filtering process is used to compensate for inaccuracies, and per image reflectances are averaged to generate an approximate diffuse reflectance image for the given viewpoint, removing sh...