Improving light trapping properties of metal surfaces by pulsed laser irradiation based techniques is a popular research field, which has numerous promising practical applications and technological importance. Albeit several studies have been published on the control of the reflectivity properties by means of microand nanostructures, there are still open questions regarding the reflectivity red...

A global study of the vertical structures of the clouds of tropical mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) has been carried out with data from the CloudSat Cloud Profiling Radar. Tropical MCSs are found to be dominated by cloud-top heights greater than 10 km. Secondary cloud layers sometimes occur in MCSs, but outside their primary raining cores. The secondary layers have tops at 6–8 and 1–3 km. H...

Reflection coefficients are observed in nature to have stochastic behavior that departs significantly from the white noise model. Conventional deconvolution methods, however, assume reflectivity to be a white noise process. In this paper we analyze the deconvolution process, study the implications of the assumption of white noise, and show that the conventional operator can recover only the whi...

PURPOSE Gene therapy trials for inherited photoreceptor disorders are planned. Anatomical metrics to select the best candidates and outcomes are needed. Adaptive optics (AO) imaging enables visualization of photoreceptor structure, although analytical tools are lacking. Here we present criteria to assess residual photoreceptor integrity in achromatopsia (ACHM). METHODS Two AOSLOs, at the Medi...

A computational method is developed whereby the reflectivity of low-energy electrons from a surface can be obtained from a first-principles solution of the electronic structure of the system. The method is applied to multilayer graphene. Two bands of reflectivity minima are found, one at 0-8 eV and the other at 14-22 eV above the vacuum level. For a free-standing slab with n layers of graphene,...

Layered reflectivity sequences have spectral signatures (impulse responses) in accordance with timefrequency transformations. These signatures are filtered by a source under the convolutional definition of a seismogram. Spectral signatures of wedge models indicate that thin layers have preferred source bandwidths needed to produce either a tuned reflection or separate interface reflections. Sou...

Because impulsivity-reflectivity (IR), as measured by the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF; Kagan, 1965) and KRISP (Wright, Note 1), is correlated with age and IQ, we sought to determine how much variance in impulsivity-reflectivity is attributable to an impulsivity-reflectivity trait and how much to cognitive development, as measured by mental age (MA). Since the usefulness of measures of i...

An observational study was performed to determine relative spectral reflectivity differences (0.41.1 microns) in the Copernicus region of the moon, as well as several other bright crater areas. A photoelectric filter photometer was used. Results suggest that: (1) spectral features do exist. (2) The spectral feature amplitude in the normalized relative spectral reflectivity curves for areas stud...