Objectives—To find whether CSF analysis may diVerentiate between relapsingremitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Methods—In 17 patients with relapsingremitting and 16 patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, all without current or recent relapses, albumin CSF: peripheral blood ratio, mononuclear cell number, CD4+, CD8+, and B1+ subsets, CD4+:CD8+ ratio, IgG, IgG ...

The development of sophisticated magnetic resonance imaging techniques and software for medical imaging processing and analysis has led to a significant progress in multiple sclerosis research and clinical care. The measurement of brain volumes provides a quantitative representation of damage, thus facilitating the objective follow-up process. The parameters obtained, though not being used rout...

W hat causes the signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)? It is almost axiomatic to regard MS as a demyelinating disorder in which axonal conduction block, caused by loss of myelin, produces clinical deficits. In addition, during the past few years, increased attention has focused on axonal degeneration in MS. The available evidence suggests that demyelination provides a structural correl...

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by myelin loss, axonal pathology and progressive neurodegeneration [1]. Disease starts in 85% of cases with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), a first (sub)acute neurological event with demyelination. Different clinical subtypes of MS exist, with 85-90% of patients experiencing relapsingre...

conclusions our study suggests that the personality traits of patients with ms and healthy individuals are not significantly different. patients with ms are likely to use the same coping strategies as healthy individuals, except in the subscale of distancing. results no significant differences in personality characteristics were observed between patients and healthy controls (all p > 0.05). onl...

The purpose of this report was to characterize the dynamics of the gene expression cascades induced by an IFN-1a treatment regimen in multiple sclerosis patients and to examine the molecular mechanisms potentially capable of causing heterogeneity in response to therapy. In this open-label pharmacodynamic study design, peripheral blood was obtained from eight relapsingremitting multiple sclerosi...