There are several reasons to extend the presentation of Navier-Stokes equations multicomponent systems. Many technological applications based on physical phenomena that present neither in pure elements nor binary mixtures. Whereas Fourier's law must already be generalized binaries, it is only with more than two components Fick's breaks down its simple form. The emergence dissipative affects als...

We apply the Chapman-Enskog procedure to derive hydrodynamic equations on an arbitrary surface from the Boltzmann equation on the surface.

Marine construction is a growing source of biodiversity loss in our oceans. The ecological impacts marine constructions arise both from their destruction and degradation natural habitats, but also flat often featureless surfaces, which provide little protection to life predation environmental stressors (Bulleri, Chapman 2010; Airoldi et al. 2005). net effect native biodiversity, spread pest spe...

Dear Sir: In an earlier letter on another matter, Chapman and Johnson (1978) identified a paradox facing a widely held stoichiometric model for ATP utilization in active ion transport. Their well-reasoned and carefully documented argument summarized two apparently conflicting points of evidence. First, the net rate of ATP hydrolysis not only varies with imposed brief displacements of the transm...