BACKGROUND Timothy (Phleum pratense L.), a cool-season hexaploid perennial, is the most important forage grass species in Nordic countries. Earlier analyses of genetic diversity in a collection of 96 genebank accessions of timothy with SSR markers demonstrated high levels of diversity but could not resolve population structure. Therefore, we examined a subset of 51 accessions with REMAP markers...

In this report we present experimental and theoretical results using a framework for training and modeling continuous speech recognition systems based on the theoretically optimal Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) criterion. This is in constrast to most state-of-the-art systems which are trained according to a Maximum Likelihood (ML) criterion. Although the algorithm is quite general, we applied it to...

Indexing of video soundtracks is an important issue for the navigation in multimedia databases. Based on wordspotting techniques, it should meet very constraining specifications; namely fast response to queries, concise processed speech information for limiting the storage memory, speaker independant mode, easy characterization of any word by its phonemic spelling. A solution based on phonemic ...

Retrotransposon markers have been demonstrated to be powerful tools for investigating linkage, evolution and genetics diversity in plants. In the present study, we identified and cloned three full-size TRIM (terminal-repeat retrotransposon in miniature) group retrotransposon elements from apple (Malus domestica) cv. ‘Antonovka’, the first from the Rosaceae. To investigate their utility as marke...

retrotransposons (rtns) constitute informative molecular markers for plant species because of their ability to integrate into a multitude of loci throughout the genome and thereby generate insertional polymorphisms between individuals. in the present study, rtn-based molecular markers, irap (inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism) and remap (retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymo...

We present a new moment-of-fluid (MOF2) interface reconstruction method. It uses the zeroth, first, and second moments of fragment material inside cell mesh to reconstruct convex polygon or union polygons that approximate respective fragment. The method requires information about only for under consideration. MOF2 allows exactly reproduce several shapes: corners, filaments, some concave cell-co...

This paper is the final of three related articles that develop and demonstrate a new optimization-based framework for computational modeling. The framework uses optimization and control ideas to assemble and decompose multiphysics operators and to preserve their fundamental physical properties in the discretization process. One application of the framework is in the formulation of robust algori...