HE process of transformation of races into species is in general slow. The T only approach to its study is through examination of its successive stages represented on our time level in different species and species groups. Nor is the process uniform in all organisms. Even though the essential feature of speciation in sexual cross-fertilizing forms is the development of reproductive isolation be...

Objective(s): Exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from mobile phones may cause a deleterious effect on human health and may affect the male reproductive system. Crocin, a carotenoid isolated from Crocus Sativus L. (Saffron), is a phar‌macologically active component of saffron. So, this study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of crocin on t...

Introduction: Investigating the effects of colocynth pulp on levels of testosterone and changes in the reproductive system organs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: In this study, 32 Wistar rats were divided into four groups of normal (N), normal+colocynth pulp (N+C), diabetic control (D), and diabetic+colocynth pulp (D+C). Groups N and D received orally 2 mL normal saline for tw...

Drugs and environmental chemicals can adversely affect the reproductive system. Currently, available data indicate that the consequences of exposure depend on the nature of the chemical, its target, and the timing of exposure relative to critical windows in development of the reproductive system. The reproductive system is designed to produce gametes in far greater excess than would seem to be ...

The main types of reproductive system structure, development and functions in cephalopods are described from personal observations and use of the literature. There is one type in males and three in females which are order specific. These have provided a basis for examining possible evolutionary trends in reproductive system development and in reproductive strategies within coleoid cephalopods a...

Background & aim: Men’s sexual and reproductive health is one of the most important public health issues. However, less attention has been paid to this matter, compared to women’s health issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the educational needs of men regarding sexual and reproductive health in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods:This descriptive study was performed on 1,068 adult men (aged 20-60 ye...

The use of quantum dots (QDots) as bright and photostable probes for long-term fluorescence imaging is gaining more interest. Thus far, (pre)clinical use of QDots remains limited, which is primarily caused by the potential toxicity of QDots. Most QDots consist of Cd2+ ions, which are known to cause high levels of toxicity. Therefore, the cytotoxic effects of CdSe quantum dots on embryonic devel...

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is a suspected reproductive toxicant, which may cause significant adverse effects on human reproductive system. Given to its widespread use in occupational setting, and more recently, in several industries related to construction and household products, everyone may be exposed to FA. This study was designed to determine the effect of FA and to investigate possible ...

Abnormalities are not uncommon in Taenia saginata and T. solium. After examining 328 mature proglottids from 2 adult worms from two experimentally infected hamsters, 13 (4.0%) were found to have no genital pore but with numerous testes and several vas efferents; 1 (0.3%) one genital pore with one reproductive system; 12 (3.7%) one on each side with two sets of reproductive system; 17 (5.2%) two...