BACKGROUND Studies have shown that abdominal girth and vertebral column length have high predictive value for spinal spread after administering a dose of plain bupivacaine. we designed a study to identify the specific correlations between abdominal girth, vertebral column length and a 0.5% dosage of plain bupivacaine, which should provide a minimum upper block level (T12) and a suitable upper b...

an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of early feed restriction on performance and serum thyroxin concentration of broiler chicks. the experiment was designed in a 2×2 factorial with 5 replicates of floor pens with 12 male or female chicks in each. 240 male and/or female day-old chicks of a commercial strain (hybrow) were wing banded, weighed and randomly allocated to two treatment...

We revisit the composability of different forms of zero-knowledge proofs when the honest prover strategy is restricted to be polynomial time (given an appropriate auxiliary input). Our results are: 1. When restricted to efficient provers, the original Goldwasser–Micali– Rackoff (GMR) definition of zero knowledge (STOC ‘85), here called plain zero knowledge, is closed under a constant number of ...

BACKGROUND Preliminary work has shown that ropivacaine provides spinal anaesthesia of shorter duration than bupivacaine, and may be of particular use in the day-case setting. However, there are few data comparing the actions of plain and hyperbaric solutions of this drug. METHODS Forty ASA grade I-II patients undergoing elective perineal surgery under spinal anaesthesia were randomized to rec...

The OPmac package provides simple additional macros on top of plain TEX. It enables users to take advantage of basic LTEX functionality: font size selection, automatic creation of tables of contents and indices, working with bibliography databases, tables, references optionally including hyperlinks, margin settings, etc. In this paper, the significant properties of OPmac are described. The comp...

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is responsible for 5.4 million deaths every year worldwide and is a leading cause of preventable death. The burden of these deaths is rapidly shifting to low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil. Brazil has prohibited most forms of tobacco advertising; however, the cigarette pack remains a primary source of marketing. The current study examined how tobacco packagin...