In smooth muscle, a Rho-regulated system of myosin phosphatase exists; however, it has yet to be established whether Rho kinase, one of the downstream effectors of Rho, mediates the regulation of myosin phosphatase activity in vivo. In the present study, we demonstrate in permeabilized vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that the vasodilator 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-homopiperazine (HA-1077), ...

Upon illumination the visual receptor rhodopsin (Rho) transitions to the activated form Rho(∗), which binds the heterotrimeric G protein, transducin (Gt) causing GDP to GTP exchange and Gt dissociation. Using succinylated concanavalin A (sConA) as a probe, we visualized native Rho dimers solubilized in 1mM n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (DDM) and Rho monomers in 5mM DDM. By nucleotide depletion and af...

As the financial option markets grow, financial decision support systems need an efficient framework that enables us to mix and match options and their various evaluation algorithms according to diverse pricing and evaluation purposes. Under such many-to-many relationships between options and algorithms, the systems often encounter inefficiency problems caused by duplicated developments of thei...

Braunstein et. al. have started the study of entanglement properties quantum states through graph theoretical approach. Their idea was to start from a simple unweighted $G$ and then they defined state Laplacian $G$. A lot research had already been done using similar idea. We ask here opposite one i.e can we generate density matrix? To investigate this question, constructed unital map $\phi$ suc...

The Pollard ρ algorithm is a widely used algorithm for solving discrete logarithms on general cyclic groups, including elliptic curves. Recently the first nontrivial runtime estimates were provided for it, culminating in a sharp O( √ n) bound for the collision time on a cyclic group of order n [4]. In this paper we show that for n satisfying a mild arithmetic condition, the collisions guarantee...

BACKGROUND Rho GTPases are important members of the Ras superfamily, which represents the largest signaling protein family in eukaryotes, and function as key molecular switches in converting and amplifying external signals into cellular responses. Although numerous analyses of Rho family genes have been reported, including their functions and evolution, a systematic analysis of this family has ...

OBJECTIVE Serum insulin levels are altered in insulin resistance and insulin deficiency, states that are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. The goal of our study was to identify chromosomal regions that are likely to harbor genetic determinants of these traits. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a series of genetic analyses, including genome-wide and fine-mapping linkag...

The present study was carried out to investigate independent relationship between daily physical activity, microalbuminuria, and kidney function. The demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were recorded for all patients. The determination of daily activities was carried out by Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale (NEADLS) which was performed for each patient in an...

Podocytes are highly differentiated cells that play an important role in maintaining glomerular filtration barrier integrity; a function regulated by small GTPase proteins of the Rho family. To investigate the role of Rho A in podocyte biology, we created transgenic mice expressing doxycycline-inducible constitutively active (V14 Rho) or dominant-negative Rho A (N19 Rho) in podocytes. Specific ...

AIM Intrahepatic extension is the main cause of liver failure and death in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The small GTPase Rho and one of its effector molecules ROCK regulate cytoskeleton and actomyosin contractility, and play a crucial role in cell adhesion and motility. We investigated the role of small GTPase Rho in biological behaviors of hepatocellular carcinoma to demonstrate the impo...