In recent years, various studies have been undertaken on how to use waste materials in civil engineering projects. Among waste materials, waste rubber has been highlighted to be used for different purposes such as reinforcing of soil and making of reinforced slopes. To investigate the properties of granulated rubber-soil mixture and its application in making of slopes behind retaining walls, so...

semi-rigid aluminum containers are being used widely in food industries. they have wrinkle shaped walls for strengthening their physical structure. the objective of this study was to assess the effect of wrinkled parts on the heat transfer and temperature distribution of the containers by computational fluid dynamics (cfd) analysis. therefore, a precise designed geometry of the wrinkled walls c...

For a particular area in Geotechnical engineering, soil slope is defined as surface of mass which inclined. It the unstable or has insufficient factor safety, then it needs to be strengthened by retaining wall earth reinforcement ensue failure does not occur. long been known that pattern slip classified into two main types: translation and rotation. Other patterns can approached within mentione...

Affected by climatic conditions such as rainfall, evaporation and air temperature, most of the backfill soil is in an unsaturated state, decrease matric suction leads to failure retaining structure. In view this, this study takes vertical rigid wall with narrow research object, assuming that behind forms a circular arch considering interlayer shear stress; thus, analytical solution active earth...

in this paper, based on soil plasticity and pseudo-static methods, necessary equations have been derived for determination of total active thrusts due to layered backfill on rigid retaining walls using limit equilibrium approach. for this purpose, the reaction force applied on the failed wedge due to granular backfill has been determined using kotter’s equations. the total lateral thrust and th...