Estimation of absolute risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), preferably with population-specific risk charts, has become a cornerstone of CVD primary prevention. Regular recalibration of risk charts may be necessary due to decreasing CVD rates and CVD risk factor levels. The SCORE risk charts for fatal CVD risk assessment were first calibrated for Germany with 1998 risk factor level data and 19...

in order to use an islamic financial instrument, this paper intends to measure and evaluate negative and positive deviations from target rate of return in investment opportunity evaluation,that leads to presenting an upside potential- adjusted risk measure. this risk measure named upside potential adjusted risk measure (alpm) is generally applicable and provides assumptions of variance, downsid...

Standard control charts are very sensitive to estimation effects and/or deviations from normality. Hence a program has been carried out to remedy these problems. This is quite adequate in most circumstances, but not in all. In the present paper, the remaining complication is attacked: what to do if a nonparametric approach is indicated, but too few Phase I observations are available? It is show...

An outbreak of invasive aspergillosis among allogeneic bone marrow transplants: a case-control study. Infect Confvol1985;6:347-355. 3. Sherertz RJ, Belani A, Kramer BS. et al. Impact of air filtration on nosocomialA@ergil-lus infections. Unique risk of bone marrow transplant recipients. A discriminant scorecard for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary asper-gillosis in patients with acute leukemia. ...

Considering profiles as functional variables, two control charts are proposed for their monitoring in phase II. Due to its conformity with the nature of real-world profiles, applying functional model leads to proposed control charts obtained through functional data analysis techniques with desired features. These include simplicity in calculation and possibility of using them for different prof...

Abstract Risk‐adjusted control charts have been widely used in monitoring surgical quality detecting risks of performance. Most the previous approaches focus on shifts location parameter as well existence scale parameter, which cannot get full measure under different levels. Ignoring magnitude methods detect variations mortality that is measured by and required to reflect improvement. The metho...

It is widely recognized that the economics of distant-future events, like climate change, is critically dependent upon the choice of a discount rate. Unfortunately, it is unclear how to discount distant-future events when the future discount rate itself is unknown. In previous work, an analytically-tractable approach called ‘‘gamma discounting’’ was proposed, which gave a declining discount rat...

this paper addresses the design of control charts for both variable ( x chart) andattribute (u and c charts) quality characteristics, when there is uncertainty about the processparameters or sample data. derived control charts are more flexible than the strict crisp case, dueto the ability of encompassing the effects of vagueness in form of the degree of expert’spresumption. we extend the use o...