Alluvial gully erosion is a likely key sediment source into many large rivers in tropical Australia. This type of gullying differs fundamentally to the generally accepted gully model from Southern Australia, in that it is found exclusively within alluvium and can propagate entirely as a result of basal sapping. The process is found to varying degrees within alluvial river types along most Gulf ...

BACKGROUND Native Amazonian populations managed forest resources in numerous ways, often creating oligarchic forests dominated by useful trees. The scale and spatial distribution of forest modification beyond pre-Columbian settlements is still unknown, although recent studies propose that human impact away from rivers was minimal. We tested the hypothesis that past human management of the usefu...

1. Society benefits immeasurably from rivers. Yet over the past century, humans have changed rivers dramatically, threatening river health. As a result, societal well-being is also threatened because goods and services critical to human society are being depleted. 2. `Health' Ð shorthand for good condition (e.g. healthy economy, healthy communities) Ð is grounded in science yet speaks to citize...

It was found that the build-up of simuliid numbers subsequent to the construction of dams in the Vaal and Orange Rivers could be successfully prevented by periodic, artificially controlled reductions in the water-levels in these rivers.

Analysis of data from 280 rivers discharging to the ocean indicates that sediment loadslyields are a log-linear function of basin area and maximum elevation of the river basin. Other factors controlling sediment discharge (e.g., climate, runoff) appear to have secondary importance. A notable exception is the influence of human activity, climate, and geology on the rivers draining southern Asia ...

A method for the analysis of 10 perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in whole fish homogenate is presented and applied to 60 fish samples collected from the Ohio, Missouri, and upper Mississippi Rivers in 2005. Method accuracy ranged between 86 and 125% with limits of quantitation between 0.2 and 10 ng/g wet weight. Intra- and inter-batch precision was generally +/-20%. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PF...

Stable nitrogen isotopes were used to assess the effects of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) upgrades on the utilisation of sewage-N by estuarine biota in Moreton Bay, Australia. We measured delta(15)N of filamentous algae, mangrove leaves and shore crabs at the Brisbane and Logan Rivers before and after scheduled WWTP upgrades, and at two reference rivers where WWTPs had been upgraded >4 year...

A detailed microbiological and parasitological survey of salmonids and indigenous fish in the upper reaches of selected river systems in Natal was undertaken. Fish were collected from the rivers by electro-fishing, from dams by gill netting and from hatcheries along the rivers. A total of 678 fish from 26 different sites along 8 river systems were collected. No parasites could be detected on fi...

Major volcanic eruptions in the central North river systems by dispersing through the sea. However, some Island of New Zealand and, in particular, an eruption dated rivers, that were probably severely affected in their at  186, spread ignimbrite and volcanic ashes (tephra) headwaters, have lower elevation and more distant over a broad area, deposition of which caused major tributaries whose c...

Sampling of whitebait from the migrations in a series of West Coast and Southland rivers (Heaphy, Orowaiti, Buller, Hokitika, Wanganui, Okarito, Mataura) showed that whitebait of the giant kokopu migrate late in the spring, beginning to enter rivers during early November and continuing well through December. Amongst 70 whitebait samples containing nearly 9000 whitebait there were only 231 giant...