We present a new method for the realistic real-time simulation of rivers. Our solution includes a 2D fluid solver that simulates the flow of a river’s surface, an efficient method for adaptively computing 3D flow information and an animated 3D procedural wave texture that is advected through the fluid via advection particles in order to mimic the highly detailed fluid surfaces that are characte...

Biological uptake of dissolved silicate (DSi) and formation of biogenic silica (BSi) during diatom growth modifies the form of Si carried from the continents to the world ocean. Significant concentrations of BSi, averaging 28.0 pmol L-l, are found in all sizes of rivers. The global contribution of BSi carried by rivers was estimated as 1.05 ? 0.20 Tmol Si year’. Combined with the global mean ri...

Amazon, 21, 24, 378–379 overbank, crevasses processes, 25 physical and biogeochemical processes, 92 plume dispersals, 55 sediment accumulation rates, 91 subaqueous delta clinoform system, 91–96 tidal-regime changes, sediment dynamics model, 92–94 Arctic Ocean, riverine organic and inorganic carbon fluxes, processing, fate acids to aldehydes ratios, 534–535 aragonite undersaturation, 542–543 Arc...

The chemical and microbiological properties of Lebanese perennial coastal rivers were studied during the dry season extending from July to September 2004. The results indicate significant levels of pollution in all eight rivers. Although many physical and chemical variables were within WHO guidelines for drinking water, coliform levels were unacceptably high indicating pollution from untreated ...

Poor sanitation, poor treatments of waste water, as well as catastrophic floods introduce pathogenic bacteria into rivers, infecting and killing many people. The goal of clean water for everyone has to be achieved with a still growing human population and their rapid concentration in large cities, often megacities. How long introduced pathogens survive in rivers and what their niches are remain...

Pollution of surface water with harmful chemicals and eutrophication of rivers and lakes with excess nutrients are serious environmental concerns. The U.S. Environmental Protec‐ tion Agency (USEPA) estimated that 53% of the 27% assessed rivers and streams miles and 69% of the 45% assessed lakes, ponds, and reservoirs acreage in the nation are impaired (USEPA, 2010). In Mississippi, 57% of the 5...

The Clinch and Powell Rivers (Virginia, USA) support diverse mussel assemblages. Extensive coal mining occurs in both watersheds. In large reaches of both rivers, major ion concentrations are elevated and mussels have been extirpated or are declining. We conducted a laboratory study to assess major ion effects on growth and survival of juvenile Villosa iris. Mussels were exposed to pond water a...

Background Lower-riparian Bangladesh and upper-riparian India share more than 50 international rivers (Adel 2012: 528; Riaz 2011: 106; Islam 1992: 204; Ahmed 2012: 51; Afroz and Rahman 2013: 100).1 Needless to say, historically these rivers are very important, playing a vital part in many ways in people’s lives, such as, in agriculture and fisheries, vegetation and greenery, urban and rural wat...

Published research emphasizes rapid downstream export of terrestrial carbon from mountainous headwater rivers, but little work focuses on mechanisms that create carbon storage along these rivers, or on the volume of carbon storage. Here we estimate organic carbon stored in diverse valley types of headwater rivers in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA. We show that low-gradient, broad valley ...

background: in this study, the chemical quality of water in some sub-basins of gamasiab river has been investigated for a long term planning of water consuming in the region . methods: the area is about 11 x10 3 km 2 , located in ramadan and kermanshah, the two western regions of iran. in this regard the results of the water samples, which were collected on the outlet of the 13 hydrometrical st...