introduction: the purpose of the present study was to quantify and compare the amount of extruded debris from apical foramen after instrumentation of the root canal system with hand and rotary instruments. materials and methods: root canals of forty five fresh extracted single rooted human teeth with mature apexes and less than 15 degree of root curvature were instrumented in group a with stain...

AIM Cleaning and shaping is one of the most important phases in root canal therapy. Various rotary NiTi systems minimize accidents and facilitate the shaping process. Todays NiTi files are used with air-driven and electric handpieces. This study compared the canal centering after instrumentation using the ProTaper system using Endo IT, electric torque-control motor, and NSK air-driven handpiece...

ultrasonic machining (usm) is a mechanical material removal process used to erode holes and cavities in hard or brittle work pieces by using shaped tools, high-frequency and an abrasive slurry. this paper addresses the concept and development of an expert system (es) for hard and brittle material, such as glass, quartz, diamond, carbides, semi conducting materials, ceramic and graphite which ca...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate radiographically the quality of root canal fillings and compare manual and rotary preparation performed on extracted teeth by undergraduate dental students. STUDY DESIGN A total of 561 premolars and molars extracted teeth were prepared using nickel-titanium rotary files or manual instrumentation and filled with gutta-percha using a cold lateral condensation technique, b...

AIM To investigate the impact of sequential irrigation procedures on accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) levels in canal systems in mesial roots of human mandibular molars after instrumentation. METHODOLOGY Based on pre-scans in a micro-computed tomography (μCT) system, 20 extracted human mandibular molars with joining mesial root canals and an isthmus between these were selected. Canals we...

Fracture of nickel-titanium rotary files is an iatrogenic error which can seriously jeopardize root canal therapy. If a high-torque motor is used, the instrument-specific limit-torque (fracture limit) is often exceeded, thus increasing the risk of intracanal failure. A possible solution to this problem is to use a low-torque endodontic motor which operates below these values. If the torque is s...

OBJECTIVE To compare the capacity of a reciprocating system (Endo-Gripper) and a rotary system (Profile .04) for mechanical removal of root-filling material from curved root canals in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty canals (40 mesiobuccal and 40 mesiolingual) from mandibular first molars were instrumented and had their roots filled. After 6 months, 3-dimensional images of the roots were o...

The last decade has been witness to phenomenal growth in endodontic technology. The introduction of these new technologies has resulted in endodontics becoming easier, faster and most importantly, better. Principal among these is Nickel Titanium (NiTi) rotary instrumentation that results in consistent, predictable, and reproducible shaping. The purpose of this article is to review the design fe...

In the clinical practice, it is much more efficient to use NiTi rotary files compared to hand instrumentation. However, misuse of NiTi rotary files can result in procedural errors such as transportation, ledge, perforation, and file separation. Generally, following suggestions could be considered to avoid these errors. 1. Enlarge the coronal half of the root canal before preparing the apical pa...

Background and Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the materials, methods, and equipment used by general dentists in southeastern Iran for endodontic treatments in 2021.   Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 121 standard questionnaires were distributed among general dentists in Rafsanjan city, Iran. The questionnaire included demographics and questions regarding the t...