I argue that a solution to puzzles concerning the relationship of objects and their properties – a version of the ‘bundle’ theory of particulars according to which ordinary objects are mereological fusions of monadic and relational tropes – is also a solution to puzzles of material constitution involving the alleged co-location of material objects. Additionally, two arguments that have played a...

David Lewis famously takes mereology " to be perfectly understood, unproblematic, and certain " (1991, 75). It is central to his thought, appearing in his discussions of set theory, modality, vagueness, structural universals, and elsewhere. He held views not only about how composition works and when it occurs, but also about the role of mereology in philosophy. In this essay, I will proceed by ...

We present a calculus for representing and reasoning about the location of rigid objects which may move within some region (we will speak ofmobile parts). The calculus has both a mereological primitive and a morphological one, hence the title of the paper. We present an axiomatisation for congruence, our chosen morphological primitive, define the notion of mobile part, describe a subset of morp...

for efficiency evaluation of some of the decision making units that have uncertain information, rough data envelopment analysis technique is used, which is derived from rough set theorem and data envelopment analysis (dea). in some situations rough data alter nonradially. to this end, this paper proposes additive rough–dea model and illustrates the proposed model by a numerical example.

In the classical Projection-based Model for cardinal directions [6], a two-dimensional Euclidean space relative to an arbitrary single-piece region, a, is partitioned into the following nine tiles: North-West, NW(a); North, N(a); North-East, NE(a); West, W(a); Neutral Zone, O(a);East, E(a); South-West, SW(a); South, S(a); and South-East,SE(a). In our Horizontal and Vertical Constraints Model [9...

We argue that two types of context are central to grounding the semantics for the mass/count distinction. We combine and develop the accounts of Rothstein (2010) and Landman (2011), which emphasize (non-)overlap at a context. We also adopt some parts of Chierchia’s (2010) account which uses precisifying contexts. We unite these strands in a two-dimensional semantics that covers a wide range of ...

Expressions designating collectives, such as “the committee” or “the ships in the port”, may be interpreted de re or de dicto, depending on context, according as they pick out collectives defined by their members or collectives defined by some criterion for membership. We call these E(xtensional)-collectives and I(ntensional)-collectives respectively, and in this paper we explore in depth the r...

{Tavistock Publications, 1962, 35s.). This textbook of Health Education is well documented and is likely to Pr"j useful for teachers, and especially for students in training for teaching, who *?, need to consider the main principles of education, including the meaning of he3 and the conditions favouring its maintenance. , ,(i Part One by Dr. A. J. Dalzell-Ward is concerned with the general prin...

The interpretation of modified PPs, like one meter behind the desk, far outside the village, or right under the lamp has never received much attention in the literature about prepositions. However, as this paper shows, the modification of PPs presents an intriguing problem for a compositional semantics of PPs. This problem can be solved when the PP is interpreted, not as a set of points or mere...