As routing takes place in an entirely distributed system where local routers have no direct access to globally consistent network state information, a routing algorithm has to make uncertain forwarding decisions. As the network state may change, due to failures or new adoptions of networks, routing algorithms have to adapt themselves to the new situation. This network convergence phase should b...

in vehicular ad hoc networks there is the ability to communicate between vehicles. this communication which is wireless should be rapid and reliable. these networks have unique characteristic. this communication among vehicles has many advantages in safety and comfort applications. since, the roads are always encountered to accidents and risks, using optimized tools could be useful in these sit...

This chapter provides history of routing to cognitive routing . Firstly i t reviews hardwired routing a kind of switching to dynamic routing for telecommunication network starting with dynamic alternate routing (DAR) to ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) routing. Secondly it presents routing in data network or packet switching. Thirdly it reviews routing for wireless multi hop network with specia...