OBJECTIVE Urbanization is an important determinant of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To determine location-based differences in CVD risk factors in India we performed studies among women in rural, urban-poor and urban middle-class locations. METHODS Population-based cross-sectional studies in rural, urban-poor, and urban-middle class women (35-70 y) were performed at multiple sites. We ev...

This paper disaggregates the various sources of rural income growth in Peru between 2004 and 2012 and shows that about 80% of the increase came from rising earnings and only 15% from transfer programs. This increase in rural earnings was not led by agriculture. It was mainly because of a general rise in wages across industrial and services activities within the rural population, coupled with a ...

Purpose – With the rise in the opportunity to go to college, the purpose of this paper is to identify if China’s rural poor are being excluded from the university system, and if so, why. Design/methodology/approach – Two sets of the authors’ own primary survey data were used: a group of randomly selected high school students in Shaanxi Province and a census of all freshmen entering into four un...

Introduction: Approximately 20% of healthcare workers in high-income countries such as Australia, Canada and the USA work in rural areas. Healthcare workers are known to be vulnerable to occupational injury and poor work disability outcomes; given their rural–urban distribution, it is possible to compare work disability prevention in rural and urban areas. However, little attention has been pai...

Morocco is currently about to start reducing industrial protection in the context of its association agreement with the European Union. However, agriculture, which represents the major income source for the disfavored rural population, is the sector that is most strongly protected. In this study, a general equilibrium model of Morocco is used as a laboratory for analyzing the short-run equilibr...

working with rural poverty, institutional analysis needs to be focused as closely as possible on poor rural people. To carry out an analysis of the institutions concerned with and affecting poverty and the poor, a first critical step is to identify who the poor are and differentiate as clearly as possible different groups within the overall category of “the poor”, as these distinct groups need ...

Roughly 40 percent of the world’s poor live in South Asia, where poverty is basically a rural problem. Therefore, a significant gain in rural poverty reduction in this sub-region will be crucial to reach the international poverty reduction target. Based on the analysis and experience of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), this paper argues that to be successful, poverty ...