Cells in freeze-tolerant tissues must survive substantial shrinkage during exposure to the hyperosmolarity that results as solutes are excluded from extracellular ice. We investigated the possibility that this hyperosmotic shock elicits an acute regulatory volume increase (RVI) by monitoring the response of epithelial cell volume in the Malpighian tubules of the New Zealand alpine weta (Hemidei...

BACKGROUND The role of respiratory viral infections (RVIs) as a cause of overall fever and neutropenia (FN) episodes in children with cancer has been less characterized than bacterial infections. We conducted a study aimed to determine the frequency of RVI in children with low compared with high risk for invasive bacterial infection (IBI) FN episodes and compare the clinical outcome of RVI and ...

After osmotic perturbation, the red blood cells of Amphiuma exhibited a volume-regulatory response that returned cell volume back to or toward control values. After osmotic swelling, cell-volume regulation (regulatory volume decrease; RVD) resulted from net cellular loss of K, Cl, and osmotically obliged H2O. In contrast, the volume-regulatory response to osmotic shrinkage (regulatory volume in...

Blood respiratory, acid–base, and ionic changes in response to hyperosmotic shock were studied in vivo and in vitro in the European flounder. One primary aim was to evaluate regulatory changes in red blood cell (RBC) volume and its interrelationship with blood O2 transporting properties. An acute increase in the ambient salinity from 10 to 30 ppt caused small but significant increases in extrac...

BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction of the right ventricle (AMI-RV) is a separate subgroup within the scope of inferoposterior infarction of the left ventricle. It still represents the population of patients at high risk due to numerous, often hardly predictable complications and high mortality rate. METHODS In fifteen-year period (1987-2001) 3,765 patients with the acute myocardial infarc...

In this contribution we introduce to the topic of Random Variational Inequalities (RVI) and present some of our recent results in this field. We show how the theory of monotone RVI, where random variables occur both in the operator and the constraints set, can be applied to model nonlinear equilibrium problems under uncertainty arising from economics and operations research, including migration...

BACKGROUND Viral respiratory infections are among the most common reasons for hospitalization of children in the United States. Our objective was to compare molecular and conventional methods in a cohort of hospitalized children with and without symptoms of respiratory viral illness (RVI). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants and toddlers hospitalized between December ...

FPAR (Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation) is a key parameter in the study on ecosystem function, crop growth monitoring, and so on, it is important to estimate FPAR accurately. Based on the analysis of measured corn hyperspectral and PAR data, the conclusions of this paper are: PCA approach can be used to distill hyperspectral information successfully, two principal compon...