Body fluid biomarkers of central nervous system damage may help improve the prognostic and diagnostic accuracy in ischemic stroke. We studied 53 patients. Stroke severity and outcome was rated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin scale. Ferritin, S100B, and NfH were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Infarct volume was calculated from T2W images...

Glial damage and immune dysfunction are involved in pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, interaction between glial damage and immune dysfunction in schizophrenia is undefined. This study aims to compare plasma S100 calcium binding protein (S100B) levels between schizophrenia patients and healthy participants, and to determine if immune markers are independently related with concentration of ...

The Ca2+-modulated, dimeric proteins of the EF-hand (helix-loop-helix) type, S100A1 and S100B, that have been shown to inhibit microtubule (MT) protein assembly and to promote MT disassembly, interact with the type III intermediate filament (IF) subunits, desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), with a stoichiometry of 2 mol of IF subunit/mol of S100A1 or S100B dimer and an affinity o...

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is an acute neurosurgical emergency with a significant fatality rate. In addition to acute brain injury, a considerable part of patients suffering from aSAH develops secondary brain damage such as cerebral vasospasm (CVS). CVS exacerbates the mortality. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find a biomarker, which could predict secondary brain...

A Ca2+ dependent conformational change in dimeric S100B(betabeta) is required for it to bind p53 and inhibit phosphorylation of this tumor suppressor in its C-terminal negative regulatory domain. A peptide derived from this region of p53 (residues 367-388) was found to have no regular structure in its native form by NMR spectroscopy, but becomes helical when bound to Ca2+ loaded S100B(betabeta)...

Increasing evidence suggests that the small EF-hand calcium-binding protein S100B plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease. Among other evidences are the increased levels of both S100B and its receptor, the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGEs) in the AD diseased brain. The regulation of RAGE signaling by S100B is complex and probably involves other ligands including the amy...

BACKGROUND Ischemic injury to the central nervous system causes cellular activation and disintegration, leading to release of cell-type-specific proteins into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We investigated CSF concentrations of myelin basic protein (MBP), glial fibrillary astrocytic protein (GFAP), the calcium-binding protein S100B, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in acute ischemic stroke pat...

Amphoterin is a protein enhancing process extension and migration in embryonic neurons and in tumor cells through binding to receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a multiligand transmembrane receptor. S100 proteins, especially S100B, are abundantly expressed in the nervous system and are suggested to function as cytokines with both neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects. However, th...

BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is defined as a diffuse cerebral dysfunction induced by the systemic response to infection without any clinical or laboratory evidence of direct infectious involvement of the central nervous system. The astroglial protein S100B has been used as a marker of severity of brain injury and as a prognostic index in trauma patients and cardiac arrest s...

The levels of S100 Ca(2+)-binding proteins correlate with the progression of certain tumors, but their role, if any, in carcinogenesis is still poorly understood. S100B protein associates with both the p53 oligomerization domain (residues 325-355) and the extreme C terminus of the tumor suppressor p53 (residues 367-392). Consequently, S100B inhibits p53 tetramer formation and p53 phosphorylatio...