Growing evidence supports a link between inflammation and cancer; however, mediators of the transition between inflammation and carcinogenesis remain incompletely understood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase (SPL) irreversibly degrades the bioactive sphingolipid S1P and is highly expressed in enterocytes but downregulated in colon cancer. Here, we investigated the role of SPL in colitis-asso...

Small arteries play an important role for blood pressure regulation and blood flow distribution to different organs. The diameter of these vessels is under the control of a number of factors such as blood pressure, flow, conducted signals from neighboring vessel segments, diverse metabolites produced from surrounding tissues, transmitters liberated from nerve endings, substances released from t...

S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) receptor expression and the effects of S1P on migration were studied in one papillary (NPA), two follicular (ML-1, WRO) and two anaplastic (FRO, ARO) thyroid cancer cell lines, as well as in human thyroid cells in primary culture. Additionally, the effects of S1P on proliferation, adhesion and calcium signalling were addressed in ML-1 and FRO cells. All cell types ...

Mast cells play a central role in inflammatory and immediate-type allergic reactions by secreting a variety of biologically active substances, including sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P). Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and formation of S1P, which leads to transactivation of S1P receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, regulates mast-cell functions initiated by cross-linking of the high-affi...

Abstract Background HDL dysfunction rather than HDL-cholesterol concentration is involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type-2 diabetes (T2DM). While causes consequences are manifold, reduced concentrations HDL-sphingosine-1-phsophate (S1P) partially responsible for impaired vasodilation suppression inflammation by CAD-HDL. Administration healthy human prior to ischem...

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolite of sphingomyelin degradation, stimulates interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion in human bronchial epithelial (Beas-2B) cells. The molecular mechanisms regulating S1P-mediated IL-8 secretion are yet to be completely defined. Here we provide evidence that activation of phospholipases D1 and D2 (PLD1 and PLD2) by S1P regulates the phosphorylation of extracellul...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a biologically active lysophospholipid that plays an important role in the physiology of the cardiovascular, nervous and immune systems.1 Red blood cells are the major source of plasma S1P, where it mainly associates with High-density lipoproteins (HDL). There is a steep concentration gradient of S1P between plasma and the interstitial compartment, with S1P bein...

Testicular tissue is extremely sensitive to external stress such as cancer treatments, which induce inappropriate germ cell apoptosis leading to defects in reproductive health (1, 2). For postpubertal men, cryopreservation of sperm or testicular tissue is a proven method for preserving fertility against the effects of these treatments (3). Unfortunately, no such method exists for prepubertal bo...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a secreted lipid mediator that functions in vascular development; however, it remains unclear how S1P secretion is regulated during embryogenesis. We identified a zebrafish mutant, ko157, that displays cardia bifida (two hearts) resembling that in the S1P receptor-2 mutant. A migration defect of myocardial precursors in the ko157 mutant is due to a mutation in a...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), an important sphingolipid metabolite, regulates diverse cellular processes, including cell survival, growth, and differentiation. Here we show that S1P signaling is critical for neural and vascular development. Sphingosine kinase-null mice exhibited a deficiency of S1P which severely disturbed neurogenesis, including neural tube closure, and angiogenesis and cause...