Researchers measure biomarkers as a reflection of patient health status or intervention outcomes. While blood is generally regarded as the best body fluid for evaluation of systemic processes, substitution of saliva samples for blood would be less invasive and more convenient. The concentration of specific biomarkers may differ between blood and saliva. The objective of this study was to compar...

OBJECTIVES To describe and evaluate disposable saliva collection kit for rapid, reliable, and reproducible collection of saliva samples. METHODS The saliva collection kit comprised of a saliva absorbent swab and an extractor unit was used to retrieve whole saliva samples from 10 subjects. The accuracy and precision of the extracted volumes (3, 10, and 30 μl) were compared to similar volumes d...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether saliva interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis versus a control group and examine the possible relationship between the oral condition and the risk of RA. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 30 patients with RA and 30 healthy controls, different periodontal indices were recorded; sialometric measurements were...

Saliva can be easily obtained in medical and non-medical settings, and contains numerous bio-molecules, including those typically found in serum for disease detection and monitoring. In the past two decades, the achievements of high-throughput approaches afforded by biotechnology and nanotechnology allow for disease-specific salivary biomarker discovery and establishment of rapid, multiplex, an...

The assay of saliva is an increasing area of research with implications for basic and clinical purposes. Although this biological fluid is easy to manipulate and collect, careful attention must be directed to limit variation in specimen integrity. Recently, the use of saliva has provided a substantial addition to the diagnostic armamentarium as an investigative tool for disease processes and di...

background. visfatin (pre-b-cell colony-enhancing factor) is a salivary biomarker secreted from a variety of cells and is thought to have some proinflammatory and immune-modulating effects. this study compared salivary concentrations of visfatin in patients with chronic periodontitis and periimplantitis and healthy individuals. methods. in this cross-sectional and descriptive trial, patients we...

leishmaniases are a group of sand fly-borne diseases caused by protozoan parasites from species of leishmania genus. these diseases are reported in about 100 countries with a prevalence of 12 million people infected and incidence of 2 million people per year, putting approximately 350 million people at risk of the infections. leishmaniases are endemic and are considered as important public heal...

Investigation of the involvement of drugs in impaired driving would be facilitated by a roadside test for drugs in saliva such as currently exists for alcohol in breath. In the development of a hand-held on-site test for drugs in saliva, targets had to be set for appropriate cut-off values. This was done by consideration of the predominate drug appearing in saliva, the saliva/plasma ratio for t...

Saliva would have advantages over plasma or urine for monitoring estriol during pregnancy. Specimen collection, after stimulation of flow by citric acid, is non-invasive and simple. We measured concentrations of unconjugated estriol in saliva and compared them with those in plasma in normal pregnancies, and found a good correlation (r = 0.79). In addition, trends of concentrations in saliva and...

Salivary nitrate from dietary or endogenous sources is reduced to nitrite by oral bacteria. In the acidic stomach, nitrite is further reduced to NO and related compounds, which have potential biological activity. We used an in vivo rat model as a bioassay to test effects of human saliva on gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus thickness. Gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus thickness were measur...