IRELAND Please address all correspondence (re paper and requests for reprints) to Tony Veale at the above address. Abstract Once viewed as a rhetorical and superficial language phenomenon, metaphor is now recognized to serve a fundamental role in our conceptual structuring and language comprehension processes. In particular, it is argued that certain experiential metaphors based upon intuitions...

The present research’s objective is to examine the effects of metacognitive scaffolding and cognitive style in the Field Dependence Independence (FDI) dimension on cognitive load (CL) and learning achievement (LA) in high school students, when they interact with a hypermedia environment on philosophy (logic). Fifty-four students belonging to two eleventh grade courses from a public school in Bo...

In this mixed-method study, we converged product and process data to examine the effectiveness of three human scaffolding conditions in facilitating students’ learning about the circulatory system and the deployment of key self-regulatory processes during a 40-minute hypermedia learning task. Undergraduate students (N = 123) were randomly assigned to one of three scaffolding conditions (adaptiv...

Standard models of representation as encodings of what is represented yield models of knowledge as banks of such encodings. Learning, in such a view, is the transmission of new encodings into those storage banks in the mind. Technology, therefore, can be a wonderful aid in enhancing the accessibility and transmission of these encoded representations — in enhancing learning as viewed in this mod...

In order to design information retrieval (IR) learning environments and instruction, it is important to explore available pedagogical solutions and their impact on learning experiences and performance in learning situations. The particular focus of this study is the demonstration of how pedagogical solutions like scaffolding and anchored instruction can be implemented in IR instruction and what...

The aim of this study is to test the effects of dynamically scaffolding social regulation of middle school students working in a computer-based learning environment. Dyads in the scaffolding condition (N1⁄4 56) are supported with computer-generated scaffolds and students in the control condition (N1⁄4 54) do not receive scaffolds. The scaffolds are dynamically adjusted to dyads’ progress with a...

MOTIVATION Next-generation high-throughput sequencing has become a state-of-the-art technique in genome assembly. Scaffolding is one of the main stages of the assembly pipeline. During this stage, contigs assembled from the paired-end reads are merged into bigger chains called scaffolds. Because of a high level of statistical noise, chimeric reads, and genome repeats the problem of scaffolding ...

The dendritic arbor is responsible for receiving and consolidating neuronal input. Outgrowth and morphogenesis of the arbor are complex stages of development that are poorly understood. However, recent findings have identified synaptic scaffolding proteins as novel regulators of these important events. Scaffolding proteins are enriched in the post-synaptic density where they bind and bring into...

We address previous hypotheses about possible factors influencing the gender gap in attainment in physics. Specifically, previous studies claim that male advantage may arise from multiple-choice style questions, and that scaffolding may preferentially benefit female students. We claim that female students are not disadvantaged by multiple-choice style questions, and also present some alternativ...

In this paper we elaborate on the scalability of Participatory Design (PD) with a special attention towards engagement. We ground our reasoning on the concepts of scaffolding and infrastructuring as instruments for engaging large groups of heterogeneous participants. Scalability is defined with reference to both the number of people and the space for active participation. We suggest that socio-...