We describe a set of experiments investigating the role of natural language symbols in scaffolding situated action. Agents are evolved to respond appropriately to commands in order to perform simple tasks. We explore three different conditions, which show a significant advantage to the re-use of a public symbol system, through self-cueing leading to qualitative changes in performance. This is m...

Bromodomain-containing multiprotein complexes share some of the properties of signal transduction scaffolds. Insights from MAP kinase signaling scaffolds, for example, may provide useful perspectives for future studies of bromodomain proteins. The regulatory processes of modification (phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination), turnover, nuclear compartmentalization, feedback regulation and ...

, that palm trees are much more common there than in places with severe winters. I conclude that severe winters are the result of inadequate attention to modern civic planning: places that are too cold simply haven't planted enough palm trees. Cold places, obviously, can dramatically reduce their snow-removal budgets by planting more palm trees. So far, my efforts to convince the cities of Chic...

The goal of this paper is to construct a quadrilateral mesh around a one-dimensional skeleton that is as coarse as possible, the “scaffold”. A skeleton allows one to quickly describe a shape, in particular a complex shape of high genus. The constructed scaffold is then a potential support for the surface representation: it provides a topology for the mesh, a domain for parametric representation...

Dynamic changes in somatosensory perception occur as a result of multiple signaling events. In many instances, over-activation of sensory receptors results in the desensitization and subsequent increased threshold for activation of receptors. In other cases, receptor sensitization can occur following tissue injury and/or inflammation. In both cases, signaling mechanisms that control alterations...

RATIONALE Charge state resolution is required to determine the masses of ions in electrospray mass spectrometry, a feat which becomes increasingly difficult as the mass increases. Charge detection mass spectrometry (CDMS) circumvents this limitation by simultaneously measuring the charge and the m/z of individual ions. In this work, we have used electrospray CDMS to determine the number of scaf...

MOTIVATION One of the important steps of genome assembly is scaffolding, in which contigs are linked using information from read-pairs. Scaffolding provides estimates about the order, relative orientation and distance between contigs. We have found that contig distance estimates are generally strongly biased and based on false assumptions. Since erroneous distance estimates can mislead in subse...

Intercalated disc (ICD), a unique specialized structure in cardiac muscle, transmits mechanical force and electrical impulses among cardiomyocytes. Recent studies also suggest that ICD, via scaffolding/anchoring proteins, can spatially organize and maintain key ion channel assemblies required for controlling the cardiac action potential. Defects in these processes can lead to arrhythmias and ca...