Goldfish and crucian carp at low temperature exhibit plasticity in gill morphology during exposure to hypoxia to enhance gas exchange. Hypoxia-induced changes in gill morphology and cellular ultrastructure of the high altitude scaleless carp from Lake Qinghai, China, were investigated to determine whether this is a general characteristic of cold water carp species. Fish were exposed to acute hy...

A new nemacheilid loach species, Triplophysa qilianensis, is described from Heihe River in Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. It can be distinguished from all other species of Triplophysa by the following combination of characters: body long and compressed; skin smooth, scaleless; head short (20.1-23.1% of stand length); head convex from the position of posterior nostrils; po...

The family of secretory calcium-binding phosphoproteins (SCPPs) have been considered vital to skeletal tissue mineralization. However, most previous SCPP studies focused on phylogenetically distant animals but not on those closely related species. Here we provide novel insights into the coevolution of SCPP genes and fish scales in 10 species from Otophysi. According to their scale phenotypes, t...

Kauffman net is a dynamical system of logical variables receiving two random inputs and each randomly assigned a boolean function. We show that the attractor and transient lengths exhibit scaleless behavior with power-law distributions over up to ten orders of magnitude. Our results provide evidence for the existence of the ”edge of chaos” as a distinct phase between the ordered and chaotic reg...

Two hypogean species of genus Triplophysa are herein described from two subterranean tributaries the River Yangtze drainage in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China. wudangensis, new species, can be distinguished its congeners by combination following characters: eye reduced, with diameter 5.1-6.5% HL; interorbital width 33.1-35.8% body scaleless; lateral line complete; posterior chamber air bl...