This paper presents an algorithm for the scanchain optimization problem in multiple-scan design methodology. The proposed algorithm, which consists of four phases, first determines pairs of scan-in and scan-out pins (Phase 1), and then assigns flip-flops to scan-paths by using a graph theoretical method (Phase 2). Next the algorithm decides connection-order of flipflops in each scan-path by usi...

As can be seen in Figure 6.1, there is a stage called test development where it basically consists of three activities; test generation, fault simulation and design for testability implementation. Test generation is a method of generating an input sequence that can distinguish between good chip and defective chip when the input sequence (test sequence) is applied to the chip using a tester. Fau...

This paper proposes a new first-scan method for two-scan labeling algorithms. In the first scan, our proposed method first scans every fourth image line, and processes the scan line and its two neighbor lines. Then, it processes the remaining lines from top to bottom one by one. Our method decreases the average number of times that must be checked to process a foreground pixel will; thus, the e...

tc-99m pertechnetate scintigraphy is the modality of choice for diagnosis of meckel's diverticulum. interpretation of meckel's scan identifies a focal area of radiopharmaceutical uptake in the anterior abdomen similar to normal gastric mucosa. the activity must be of the same pattern and intensity as gastric uptake. we present a 13-year-old patient with gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. tc-...

chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (crmo) is an inflammatory bone disease usually affecting children. a 9-year old boy presented with recurrent lower extremities pain and discomfort lasting for two years. in every time, symptoms vanished after several weeks. the patient received antibiotics only in one period of bone pain. in other occasions the patient didn’t received any antibiotics. ...

introduction: in spite of large number of studies regarding relation between thyroid cancer and childhood irradiation, contraversy still exists management of these patients. this study tries to find optimal method of thyroid evaluation in this group. methods and patients: in a recall program using mass media in khorasan, all patients with childhood irradiation were invited for thyroid evaluatio...

thyroid nodules are common, occurring in almost two-thirds of some populations; among these only about 7% are malignant. the most important question with any new discovered thyroid nodule is, “is this malignant?” the main arbiter of malignancy or benignity remains fine needle aspiration and the mainstay of treatment surgery. but given the resources involved, doing an fnac or surgery in every di...

abstract background: osteoid osteoma is a benign bony neoplasm and its classic treatment is surgery. in the r ecent decades percutaneous laser therapy was suggested to be replaced by surgery. in this study we have reviewed the results of the first applications of interstitial laser photocoagulation (ilp) for treatment of osteoid osteoma in iranian patients. materials and methods: in this case s...

introduction:the external beam radiation therapy for patients with left breast cancer at the mastectomy site may cause myocardial perfusion abnormalities. we intended to study the change of these abnormalities at short and long term post radiotherapy follow up. methods: twenty patients with left and 20 patients with right breast cancer comprised the exposed and control groups, respectively. the...