BACKGROUND The authors evaluated the ability of visible light spectroscopy (VLS) oximetry to detect hypoxemia and ischemia in human and animal subjects. Unlike near-infrared spectroscopy or pulse oximetry (SpO2), VLS tissue oximetry uses shallow-penetrating visible light to measure microvascular hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2) in small, thin tissue volumes. METHODS In pigs, StO2 was measu...

This study investigated the types of vocabulary learning strategies (VLS) employed by Indonesian college students. The specifically aimed to find out (a) most and least frequently used VLS, (b) useful VLS. A total 105 nursing students who attended a virtual exchange program during odd semester 2021/2022 academic year participated in this study. was ex post facto research which strategy question...

In this work we provide theoretical background for the analysis of second-order correlation functions in experiments performed at soft x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). Typically, beamlines XFELs are equipped by variable line spacing (VLS) monochromators. We perform examination beam propagation through such VLS monochromator taking specially into account interplay between finite resolution an...

This study examined the involvement of intrastriatal dopaminergic mechanisms on feeding and spontaneous locomotor activity in food-deprived (19 h) rats. In three separate experiments, amphetamine (0, 1, 10, and 20 /lg/0.5 /ll) was bilaterally infused into the nudeus accumbens (N.Acc.), the ventrolateral striatum (VLS), or the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Administration of the higher doses of am...

UNLABELLED We grew silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism using metal catalysts of gold (Au), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) under a high flow rate of hydrogen (H2). This combination of catalyst types and high gas flow rate revealed the potential for growing various SiNWs, including kinked SiNWs (with Au), ultra-thin SiNWs having diameters about 5 nm (wi...

This study explores the applicability of vehicle-based laser scanning (VLS) for biomass estimation at individual tree level, since biomass serves as an essential biophysical parameter indicating tree health. Previous work suggests that terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has been primarily validated for biomass prediction, however, in subject to laborious relocation in practice. VLS, as an advance...

Nanowires have great potential as building blocks for nanoscale electrical and optoelectronic devices. The difficulty in achieving functional and hierarchical nanowire structures poses an obstacle to realization of practical applications. While post-growth techniques such as fluidic alignment might be one solution, selfassembled structures during growth such as branches are promising for functi...

This is a retrospective comparison of pregnant women with perinatally acquired HIV-infection (PAH) with a cohort of pregnant women with behaviorally acquired HIV-infection (BAH). PAH cases (11 women) included all pregnant adolescents followed at our HIV clinic from January 2000 to January 2009. BAH cases (27 women) were randomly selected from all deliveries within the study period at the same i...