The use of effective multimedia instructions such as mobiles, computers, and the internet in language learning has turned out to be useful since the last decades. The impact of multimedia and synchronous approaches of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) on English as a foreign language (EFL) learners' learning of language skills and components has been studied to some extent. However, th...

In the current study, we address calls for research on complex nature of integrations pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) components. This is a multiple case study six middle-school pre-service teachers (PSTs) as they taught science in their school practicum. We investigated PSTs’ integration between students’ understanding (KSU) and instructional strategies (KIS), sources these integrations. T...

Across a range of contexts, reductions in education costs and provision of subsidies can boost school participation, often dramatically. Decisions to attend school seem subject to peer effects and time-inconsistent preferences. Merit scholarships, school health programs, and information about returns to education can all cost-effectively spur school participation. However, distortions in educat...

The growing number of recent publications on pedagogical stylistics indicates that this area is still of much interest to those who invest in the integration of language and literature. However, evidencebased assessments of pedagogical stylistics are still few and depend mostly on teachers’ intuitions. The present study contributes towards filling this gap by examining 28 reflective accounts pr...

These case studies provide a description of five undergraduates’ self-efficacy beliefs and use self-regulated learning strategies related to English as second language. A qualitative research design with purposive sampling method was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted investigate the context language explore self-reported (SRL) strategies. Classroom observations document analysis a...

In this paper, we present the comprehensive version of CSIEC (Computer Simulation in Educational Communication), an interactive web-based human– computer dialogue system with natural language for English instruction, and its tentative application and evaluation in English education. First, we briefly introduce the motivation for this project, survey the related works and illustrate the system s...

Recent developments in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance and the ubiquity of metaphors in language. Their effect has been instrumental in making significant headway into the pedagogical practice and design of teaching materials. The current study was carried out to explore the efficacy of focus-on-form (FonF) and focus-on-forms (FonFs) instructions on learning metaphorical l...

Meta-discourse markers are an inevitable part of oral proficiency which improve both the quality and comprehension of learners’ speech. While studies of oral meta-discourse have been conducted since the 1980s in a European or US context, they have remained relatively untouched in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to seek the impact of both explicit and implicit teaching of formal meta-discourse...

Form-focused instruction occupies an important position in China’s secondary schools. However, middle school English teaching has been criticized for the sustainability of form-focused instruction. The new Curriculum Standards suggest that grammar should be integrated into communicative activities, but no precise guidance is provided on how to integrate activities. This study investigates teach...