Surgical schools trace their origin to the ancient times. The Code of Hammurabi, dated around 2200 BC, contains descriptions of surgical procedures, methods of paying a doctor for performed surgeries and penalties in case of treatment failure (1). In ancient Egypt, principles of surgical conduct were described in holy books, and innovation or deviation from established principles of treatment l...

One of the mandates of the Department of Basic Education (DBE) in South Africa is to distribute textbooks to both urban and remote rural schools. The challenge that the DBE faces in this regard is that the distribution machinery has not been that efficient, resulting in some schools opening without the necessary textbooks. Distribution problems to schools has also meant that some schools are us...

Cognitive skills predict academic performance, so schools that improve academic performance might also improve cognitive skills. To investigate the impact schools have on both academic performance and cognitive skills, we related standardized achievement-test scores to measures of cognitive skills in a large sample (N = 1,367) of eighth-grade students attending traditional, exam, and charter pu...

AIM To identify the extent to which medical aspects of fitness to drive (FTD) are taught within UK medical schools. METHODS A survey of all 32 UK medical schools. In-depth interviews with a range of staff at two medical schools; telephone survey of 30 schools. RESULTS Two thirds of schools reported specific teaching on medical aspects of FTD but few covered it in any depth or in relation to...

New forms of governing and managing public schools have proliferated in recent years, spawning the establishment and growth of companies that operate public schools under contract. Among these education management organizations, or EMOs, the largest and most visible is Edison Schools, Inc. In 2004–2005, Edison managed 103 public schools in 18 states and the District of Columbia, serving approxi...

There are in England and Wales, 71 residential schools known as Approved or Home Office Schools. Their function is to receive young delinquents and neglected children from the Juvenile Courts and turn them into useful citizens. Before the Children and Young Persons' Act, 1933, these Schools were known officially as Reformatories and Industrial Schools. This distinction has now vanished and they...

CONTEXT School health services (SHS) have been shown to be suboptimal in Nigeria. The paucity of data on the status of SHS in Sagamu makes it even more challenging for instituting corrective action. AIM To evaluate SHS in public and private schools in Sagamu. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study carried out on private and public nursery/primary and secondary schools in Sagam...

a survey was carried out in 1998-99 among 20 selected primary schools in the north, south, east and west regions of tehran to determine the level of teachers’ knowledge of asthma. 387 (96.7%) of 400 questionnaires were completed and evaluated. five items were investigated: “general knowledge”, “symptoms and triggers”, exercise”, treatment” and “individual experience”. statistical analysis was p...