Acetylcholine (ACh) is a neurotransmitter acting via muscarinic and nicotinic receptors that is implicated in several cognitive functions and impairments, such as Alzheimer's disease. It is believed to especially affect the acquisition of new information, which is particularly important when behavior needs to be adapted to new situations and to novel sensory events. Categorization, the process ...

Objective: The antidepressant agomelatine agent is a melatonin receptor (MT1 and MT2) agonist serotonin (5-HT2C) antagonist. Increasing evidence shows that has neuroprotective neuromodulatory effects. In this study, the potential effects of in rats with scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment were investigated.Materials Methods: Adult male administered scopolamine (1 mg/kg) (40 for 21 days. Af...

The administration of scopolamine, an anticholinergic drug, reduced the ability to recall and recognize stimuli presented previously--abilities thought to require declarative memory. In contrast, measures of procedural memory were unaffected by scopolamine: performance on a serial reaction time task incorporating a repeating stimulus and response sequence showed no difference in acquisition and...

To investigate the effects of cholinergic blockade on duration of tonic immobility (TI) and habituation to handling and the TI testing procedure, two groups of cockerel chicks were tested following injection with scopolamine or saline. One week later half of each group was given a second test for TI following injection with saline or scopolamine. Results indicated that scopolamine significantly...

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common and undesirable complaints recorded in as many as 70-80% of high-risk surgical patients. The current prophylactic therapy recommendations for PONV management stated in the Society of Ambulatory Anesthesia (SAMBA) guidelines should start with monotherapy and patients at moderate to high risk, a combination of antiemetic medicatio...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT) to reduce drooling in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS A controlled clinical trial was performed in which the results of single-dose BoNT injections in the submandibular glands were compared with treatment with scopolamine. Forty-five children who had CP and experienced severe drooling were enr...

Transdermal therapeutic system scopolamine (TTS-S) is effective in preventing motion sickness for 72 h. However, by this route a prophylactic effect is obtained 6 to 8 h postapplication. By the oral route, scopolamine is effective within 0.5 h for a period of 6 h. To achieve safe as well as effective protection against seasickness during the first hours of a voyage until the TTS-S patch takes e...

INTRODUCTION The cholinergic system is involved in learning and memory and is affected in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The possibility of non-invasively detecting alterations of neurotransmitter systems in the mouse brain would greatly improve early diagnosis and treatment strategies. The hypothesis of this study is that acute modulation of the cholinergic system mig...

Objective(s): Auraptene (7-geranyloxycoumarin) (AUR), from Citrus species has shown anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and beta-secretase inhibitory effects. Scopolamine is a nonselective muscarinic receptor antagonist which causes short-term memory impairments and is used for inducing animal model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This research aimed to investigate ...

Schizophrenia symptoms segregate into positive, negative and cognitive, which exhibit differential sensitivity to drugs. Recent efforts to identify treatments targeting cognitive impairments in schizophrenia have directed attention to the cholinergic system for its well documented role in cognition. Relatedly, muscarinic antagonists (e.g. scopolamine) produce an 'antimuscarinic syndrome', chara...