AIMS Differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts (Fbs) into myofibroblasts (MyoFbs) is responsible for connective tissue build-up in myocardial remodelling. We examined MyoFb differentiation and reversibility. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult rat cardiac Fbs were cultured on a plastic substratum providing mechanical stress, with conditions to obtain different levels of Fb differentiation. Fb spontaneousl...

AR signaling is essential for the growth and survival of prostate cancer (PCa), including most of the lethal castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). We previously reported that TGF-β signaling in prostate stroma promotes prostate tumor angiogenesis and growth. By using a PCa/stroma co-culture model, here we show that stromal TGF-β signaling induces comprehensive morphology changes of PCa LNCaP cells. ...

Bromodomains have emerged as attractive candidates for the development of inhibitors targeting gene transcription. Inhibitors of the bromo and extraterminal (BET) family recently showed promising activity in diverse disease models. However, the pleiotropic nature of BET proteins regulating tissue-specific transcription has raised safety concerns and suggested that attempts should be made for do...

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p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a critical role in the activation of inflammatory cells. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a p38α-selective MAPK inhibitor (SD-282) in a mouse transgenic (CC10:IL-13) asthma model. The CC-10-driven over-expression of IL-13 in the mouse lung/airway has been shown to result in a remarkable phenotype recatitulating many features of a...

ranking of critical inputs was, for diet 1, SBM kd (r=-0.5), CS A fraction (r=-0.34), and dried corn kd (r=-0.25), for diet 2, SBM kd (r=-0.55), grass hay CP (r=0.32), and dried corn kd (r=-0.31). For the CNCPS, the ranking was, for diet 1, SBM kd of B2 pool (r=-0.5), dried corn kd (r=-0.26), and WB CP (r=0.26), for diet 2, SBM kd (r=-0.52), grass hay CP (r=0.36), and dried corn kd (r=-0.35). O...

The introduction of TNF inhibitors more than a decade ago marked the beginning of an exciting era in the management of RA. Despite the development of biologics with alternative modes of action, TNF inhibitors remain today the most widely prescribed class of biologics for RA. However, tuberculosis (TB) is a major safety concern with TNF inhibitors. The risk of active TB is increased up to 56-fol...

This report was prepared from shipboard files by scientists who participated in the cruise. The report was assembled under time constraints and does not contain all works and findings that will appear in the DISCLAIMER Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Scien...