background: a suitable sedative status during gastro-enteric endoscopies results in better physicians’ approach and more stable view of internal organs. therefore, we evaluated the effect of ketamine for sedation in endoscopic procedures of adult patients.materials and methods: patients who were candidates for gastro-enteric endoscopy during the years 2014-2015 were included into the study and ...

Introduction: Bispectral Index is an objective tool to assess electroencephalographic activity and measure the effect of certain sedatives and hypnotics on the brain. In addition, there are certain subjective tools such as the observer's assessment of alertness and sedation which are used. The correlation between BIS and the concentration of propofol in the brain, and the relationship between t...

INTRODUCTION Our case series prospectively evaluate the concept of Patient/Family-Controlled Sedation with midazolam, as an alternative to sedation by continuous infusion in terminal cancer patients. CASES PRESENTATION Our method was applied in 8 pts. Midazolam was administered in a Patient Control Analgesia mode. The infusion pump was activated "as-needed" by the pt or a caretaker. Sedation ...

Dental treatment is often performed under general anesthesia or sedation when an intellectually disabled patient has a heightened fear of treatment or has difficulty cooperating. When it is impossible to control the patient due to the severity of intellectual disability, conscious sedation is not a viable option, and only deep sedation should be performed. Deep sedation is usually achieved by p...

BACKGROUND Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common side effect in patients who receive intravenous sedation infusion. In routine care, after starting sedation infusion for patients who receive mechanical ventilation, interruption of sedation starts without protocol. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of daily sedation vacation protocol on the incidence of VAP in mechanically vent...

BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of conscious sedation with 40% nitrous oxide/oxygen (N2O/O2) on cognitive functions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty dental patients referred to the sedation unit at Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery received a combination of 40% N2O/O2 inhalation for conscious sedation. Psychometri...

various levels of sedation ranging from conscious sedation to general anesthesia with participation of anesthesiologists. One of these studies reported only five sedation-related complications (2.3%) in the elderly (3 hypoxia cases and 2 aspiration pneumonias), while none were reported in the other studies. It is likely that because these studies focused on the overall safety of DBE and not onl...

introduction: motion artifacts are a common problem in pediatric radiographic studies and are a common indication for pediatric procedural sedation. this study aimed to compare the combination of oral midazolam and ketamine (omk) with oral midazolam alone (om) as procedural sedatives among children undergoing computed tomography (ct) imaging. methods: the study population was comprised of six-m...

Sedation and analgesia are frequently used in the critical care unit. Pain has already been described as the “fifth vital sign,” and most people describe experiencing pain as a source of great stress during an intensive care unit (ICU) stay.(1,2) Sedation can be used to ease discomfort, to facilitate adaptation to mechanical ventilation, and to prevent self-harm.(3) However, despite its humanit...

BACKGROUND Safe care of sedated children requires ongoing assessment of the depth of sedation to permit early recognition of progression to over-sedation. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) as a measure of sedation during procedures. The UMSS is a simple observational tool that assesses the level of alertness on a five-point sca...