Many studies have focused on the ecology of seed dimorphism, the production of two seed types by a single plant. Morphology and seed size are usually correlated, but how morphology affects germination percentage and seedling growth is poorly understood. Here we explicitly separate these effects for nine populations of the dimorphic species Tragopogon pratensis subsp. pratensis. Larger seeds yie...

background and aims. promoting remineralization is the ultimate goal of clinical prevention of caries lesion. the present in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of grape seed extract (gse) on artificial enamel caries in primary human teeth. materials and methods. seventeen human sound primary incisors were sectioned mesiodistally. the tooth slices were placed in a demineralizing solutio...

It is now clear in many species that male and female genital evolution has been shaped by sexual selection. However, it has historically been difficult to confirm correlations between morphology and fitness, as genital traits are complex and manipulation tends to impair function significantly. In this study, we investigate the functional morphology of the elongate male intromittent organ (or pr...

objective: in this study investigated effects of different amounts of pelleted manure with urea and micro elements on yield and seed quality of medicinal plants, pumpkin (cucurbita pepo var. styriaca). methods: the animal manure and urea as pellet with four levels (150 kg urea, 50 kg urea + 3.5 ton animal manure, 100 (kg) urea+ 1.5 ton animal manure and 150 (kg) urea+1.5 ton animal manure) loca...

Background and aims. Promoting remineralization is the ultimate goal of clinical prevention of caries lesion. The present in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on artificial enamel caries in primary human teeth. Materials and methods. Seventeen human sound primary incisors were sectioned mesiodistally. The tooth slices were placed in a demineralizing solutio...