In this paper, we study the effects of economic factors on the intensity of internal armed conflicts. We show that adverse ethnic compositions in the form of ethnic dominance and polarization are a critical determinant of the way countries react to commodity-induced income shocks and that positive as well as negative income shocks can intensity ongoing conflicts. While negative income shocks in...

most researches in the felid of human resource development by means of personal development plan has focused on education and health industries. the aim of this research is to explain human resource development process in order to gain a better understanding and identifying factors affecting this process in project- based organizations. to this end, by adopting grounded theory methodology, data...

Multidimensional conflicts in farmland expropriation originate from the game of multidimensional interests between local government and farmers. The strategy choices equilibrium results two sides have evolved with changes to situation policy adjustments. Focusing on different types conflicts, this paper constructs a multistage Van Damme’s model expropriation, analyzes stable point behavior evol...

We examine conflict resolution via a random device. We model conflict as a two-agent rent-seeking contest for a fixed prize. Before conflict arises, both agents may agree to allocate the prize by coin flip to avoid the costs of conflict. In equilibrium, risk-neutral agents with relatively symmetric conflict capabilities agree to resolve the conflict by randomization. However, with sufficiently ...

Heterogeneously-licensed systems pose new challenges to architects and designers seeking to develop systems with appropriate intellectual property rights and obligations. In the extreme case, license conflicts may prevent a system’s legal use. Our previous work showed that rights, obligations, and conflicts can be calculated. But architects benefit from fuller information than simply (for examp...

Background: Dysfunctional families suffer from poor communication, negative relationships, and countless conflicts, and achieving goals in such families is challenging and requires significant energy. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and integrated behavioral couples therapy (IBCT) in improving intimacy and family functioning in...

The relationship between psychiatry and pharmaceutical companies has come under scrutiny during the past decade. Concerns are growing that financial ties of psychiatrists to the pharmaceutical industry may unduly influence professional judgments involving the primary interests of patients. Such conflicts of interest threaten the public trust in psychiatry. The goal of conflict of interest polic...