Despite significant progress in our understanding and treatment of metastatic cancer, nearly all metastatic cancers are incurable. In this Review, we use breast cancer as a model to highlight the limitations and inconsistencies of our existing treatment paradigms for metastatic disease. In turn, we offer a new theory of metastasis, termed "self-seeding. " The self-seeding paradigm, well validat...

Cancer cells that leave the primary tumor can seed metastases in distant organs, and it is thought that this is a unidirectional process. Here we show that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) can also colonize their tumors of origin, in a process that we call "tumor self-seeding." Self-seeding of breast cancer, colon cancer, and melanoma tumors in mice is preferentially mediated by aggressive CTCs, ...

Tumour self-seeding by circulating tumour cells (CTCs) enhances tumour progression and recurrence. Previously, we demonstrated that tumour self-seeding by CTCs occurs in osteosarcoma and revealed that interleukin-6 (IL-6) may promote CTC attraction. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of IL-6 in tumour self-seeding by CTCs. IL-6 suppression inhibited in vitro cell proliferation, mig...

The influence of temperature on coated (2%) and uncoated Fabry-Pérot laser output in a proposed colorless WDM system with self-seeding via modulation averaging reflector is studied. In particular, the connection between the information about the optical laser output from the laser integrated monitor photodetector and optical power output of the entire system with temperature change of the laser...

this study examined suitable mechanized methods to seed rice in dry-bed conditions using dried seeds and determined the most suitable varieties for each method. the experimental design was strip-plots in a randomized complete block design with two factors (seeding methods and rice varieties) and three replications. the testing took place during 2003-2004 at the shavour agricultural research sta...

X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are cutting-edge scientific tools able to generate transversely coherent radiation with very high power and ultra-short pulse durations. The self-seeding mechanism has been proven to increase the longitudinal coherence of the FEL radiation but its efficiency could be significantly improved, especially for soft X-rays. This paper proposes the enhancement of the ...

A recent development in the field of tissue engineering is the rise of all-biologic, scaffold-free engineered tissues. Since these biomaterials rely primarily upon cells, investigation of initial seeding densities constitutes a particularly relevant aim for tissue engineers. In this study, a scaffold-free method was used to create fibrocartilage in the shape of the rabbit knee meniscus. The obj...