BACKGROUND The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén), is one of the major rice pests in Asia and has developed resistance to multiple classes of insecticides. Understanding resistance mechanisms is essential to the management of this pest. Biochemical and molecular assays were performed in this study to systematically characterize deltamethrin resistance mechanisms wit...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the family Herpesviridae, is widely spread in the human population and has the ability to establish lifelong latent infection. In immunocompetent individuals the virus reactivation is usually harmless and unnoticeable. In immunocompromised patients productive infection or type III latency may lead to EBV-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disord...

BACKGROUND Mex efflux pumps contribute to multidrug resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Evidencing their expression in clinical isolates would help in rationalizing antibiotic selection. METHODS We have developed a combined phenotypic and genotypic approach for the differential diagnosis of resistance mediated by four major transporters (MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ, MexEF-OprN, MexXY-OprM). The ...

Vol. 35, No. 6 (2003) BioTechniques 1141 the ABI PRISM® 7000 and the TaqMan Universal PCR Master Mix protocols (Applied Biosystems). After discovering that the RNA from the thecal cells had vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) amplification and that RNA from granulosa cells had no VEGF amplification, the 18S rRNA amplification (TaqMan Pre-Developed Assay Reagents; Applied Biosystems), whic...

3.Higuchi, R., B. Krummel and R.K. Saiki. 1988. A general method of in vitro preparation and specific mutagenesis of DNA fragments: study of protein and DNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:7351-7367. 4.Sarkar, G. and S.S. Sommer. 1990. The “megaprimer” method of site-directed mutagenesis. BioTechniques 8:404-407. 5.Smith, M. 1985. In vitro mutagenesis. Annu. Rev. Genet. 19:423-462. 6.Upende...

Johannes Bos University of Utrecht David Botstein Stanford University School of Medicine Jeff Chamberlain University of Michigan Medical School Henry Erlich Roche Molecular Systems Kenshi Hayashi National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo Bernhard Horsthemke University of Essen Pieter de Jong Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory David Kemp Menzies School of Health Research Kenneth Kidd Yale Un...

With the introduction of real-time, fluorescence-based 5′ nuclease PCR (3,4) and instruments such as the ABI PRISM 7700 (TaqMan) sequence detector (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), quantitative RT-PCR is now a widely accepted method for measuring gene expression levels. Quantitative RTPCR is a sensitive technique and is particularly useful for the analysis of samples containing limi...

A novel approach to quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QC RT-PCR) using real time detection and the 5' nuclease assay has been developed. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane transductance regulator (CFTR) target mRNA is reverse transcribed, amplified, detected, and quantitated in real time. A fluorogenic probe was designed to detect the CFTR amplicon. Relative increase in 6...