Two sensitizers with novel structure were designed and synthetized by introducing photochromic bisthienylethene (BTE) group into the conjugated system. Thanks to the photochromic effect the sensitizers have under ultraviolet and visible light, the conjugated bridge can be restructured and the resulting two photoisomers showed different behaviors in photovoltaic devices. This opens up a new rese...

Visible-light harvesting cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes were used as (1)O(2) sensitizers for the photooxidation of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) and substantially improved photooxidation capability was observed compared to the conventional Ir(III) complex sensitizers that show no visible light-harvesting capabilities.

Background Contact sensitizers induce an innate immune response in dendritic cells (DC) enhancing antigen presentation and T cell response. Little is known concerning the effect of systemic drugs causing T-cell mediated cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CARDs). Therefore, we studied the in vitro effect of drugs on THP-1 cells, a monocyte cell line widely used to show activation by contact sensi...

Electrophilicity is one of the most common features of skin contact sensitizers and is necessary for protein haptenation. The Keap1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1)/Nrf2 -signaling pathway is dedicated to the detection of electrophilic stress in cells leading to the upregulation of genes involved in protection or neutralization of chemical reactive species. Signals provided by chemical str...

Chemicals that were bioassayed by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and that also produce allergic dermatitis (ACD) in humans were evaluated for their tumorigenic characteristics. The impetus for the study was that most contact sensitizers, i.e., those that produce ACD, and genotoxic carcinogens are chemically similar in that they are electrophilic, thereby producing adducts on macromolecul...

It was hypothesized that both sensitizers and repressers exceed those individuals falling in the middle of the distribution with respect to frequency and severity of illnesses. The 1st investigation utilized 2 independent samples of undergraduates (N= 173 and 319) who were given the Repression-Sensitization (R-S) Scale and a health survey. Though there was no support for the curvilinearity hypo...

Although the advantages and disadvantages of asymmetrical thiazolidinediones as insulin-sensitizers have been well-studied, relevance symmetry asymmetry for biguanides has scarcely explored. Regarding symmetrical molecules, only one thiazolidinedione no evaluated proposed an antihyperglycemic agent treating type 2 diabetes. Since molecular structure defines physicochemical, pharmacological, tox...

Novel quinoxaline-based organic sensitizers using vertical (RC-21) and horizontal (RC-22) conjugation between an electron-donating triphenylamine unit and electron-accepting quinoxaline unit have been synthesized and used for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), leading to the relatively high power conversion efficiencies of 3.30 and 5.56% for RC-21 and RC-22, respectively. This result indicates...

Donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) porphyrin based photo-sensitizers are extensively utilized in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).