A series of compounds representing four major pesticide groups were tested for toxicity to beneficial insects representing four different insect orders: Coleoptera (Coccinellidae), Hemiptera (Anthocoridae), Hymenoptera (Aphelinidae), and Neuroptera (Chrysopidae). These materials included organophosphates (methidathion, esfenvalerate and phosmet), carbamates (carbofuran, methomyl and carbaryl), ...

We study how the presence of non-exclusive contracts limits the amount of insurance provided in a decentralized economy. We consider a dynamic Mirrleesian economy in which agents are privately informed about idiosyncratic labor productivity shocks. Agents sign insurance contracts with multiple firms (i.e., they are non-exclusive), which include both labor supply and savings aspects. These contr...

The objective of this study was to determine the potential for several new CM products to flare ERM populations, especially those in the neonicotinoid class, by comparing them to other CM insecticides from the organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid classes. Treatment timing was designed to simulate application for CM control. The test materials were applied to 16-yr-old 'Red Delicious' apple...

Mass trapping Verbenone flakes Ips lecontei outbreak in southwestern ponderosa pine forests Large scale outbreaks of bark beetles in recent years have severely impacted forest conditions in the western United States. In response to these outbreaks, the USDA Forest Service in cooperation with the Western Forestry Leadership Coalition drafted a report (2002) that called for increased short-and lo...

(i) Some of our proposed pathogenic variants have a minor allele frequency (MAF) of 40.01 in the population. Although useful as an initial guide, the 1%MAF is an arbitrary cut-off designed to rapidly filter-out common polymorphic genetic variants from a large exome data set. However, this must be done with care for several reasons. First, allele frequencies vary from database to database, and t...