To solve the vehicle routing problem with simultaneous pickup–delivery and time windows (VRPSDPTW), a sine cosine firefly perturbed sparrow search algorithm (SFSSA) is presented. Based on standard algorithm, initial population uses tent chaotic mapping to change diversity; then, discoverer location updated using fluctuation range of random weight factor, finally global perturbation strategy. In...

This paper modeled and solved an integrated multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) with simultaneous pickup delivery (SPD) package layout under unpredictable pickup, delivery, transfer costs. The model described in this is divided into two stages. In the first stage, SCA algorithm used to optimize dimensions (a collection of commodities consumers need). NSGA II MOALO algorithms are second ...

Many companies face challenges in reducing their supply chain costs while increasing sustainability and customer service levels. A comprehensive framework for a sustainable closed-loop (CLSC) network is practical solution to these challenges. Hence, the first time, this study considers an integrated multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MOMILP) model design CLSC networks with cross-...

“Current injection has been demonstrated before as a viable means to control SQUIDs12–14 dominated by geometric inductance. These directly-coupled SQUIDs used a large pickup loop to convert an applied magnetic field into a current bias which was injected a smaller, more sensitive readout SQUID. Although the readout SQUIDs in these devices were smaller than the pickup loops, they still used larg...

This work presents the formulation of the pickup probability for sediment entrainment under the log-normally distributed instantaneous velocity. Herein two mathematical approaches, namely the analytical method and the first-order approximation method, are employed in the theoretical derivation. The results are compared with the published experimental data and the previous pickup probability der...

As a step toward a science of visual information design, this paper offers a perceptual cognitive model that describes and distinguishes two fundamental properties of graphics: pictorial and symbolic properties. These emerge through two interrelated aspects of the perception-reaction loop: pickup and simulation. I will describe how pictorial properties engage relatively more ‘pickup,’ while sym...

Pickup ions measured deep inside the heliosphere open a new way to determine the absolute atomic density of a number of elements and isotopes in the local interstellar cloud (LIC). We derive the atomic abundance of hydrogen and the two isotopes of helium from the velocity and spatial distributions of interstellar pickup protons and ionized helium measured with the Solar Wind Ion Composition Spe...