When people collaborate, they expect more in return than a simple sum of their efforts. This observation is at the heart so-called public goods game, where participants' contributions are multiplied by an $r$ synergy factor before distributed among group members. However, larger could be effective, which can described factor. To elaborate on possible consequences, this study, we introduce model...

Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are widely used for reaction catalysis. The common understanding is that the smaller particles, more reactive they are. It reported here this not always case citrate (Ct) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized AuNP in catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride (NaBH4), when total surface area kept constant. results prove size range 10–58 nm, reactiv...