OBJECTIVES this study aimed to investigate the construct validity and responsiveness of performance-based and self-reported measures of strength, mobility and balance after hip fracture. DESIGN secondary analysis of clinical trial data. SUBJECTS a total of 148 older people undergoing hip fracture rehabilitation. METHODS correlation coefficients assessed construct validity. Internal respon...

BACKGROUND This pilot clinical trial sought to estimate the feasibility and efficacy of two interventions aimed at improving memory performance in geriatric clinic patients with mild cognitive impairment. METHODS Fifteen participants were randomized to either a memory training group or a memory compensation group. RESULTS Recruitment rates were low, whereas adherence and retention rates wer...

J. Milton and R. Wiseman (1999) attempted to replicate D. Bem and C. Honorton's (1994) meta-analysis, which yielded evidence that the ganzfeld is a suitable method for demonstrating anomalous communication. Using a database of 30 ganzfeld and autoganzfeld studies, Milton and Wiseman's meta-analysis yielded an effect size (ES) of only 0.013 (Stouffer Z = 0.70, p = .24, one-tailed). Thus they fai...

The field of neuropsychological rehabilitation frequently employs single case experimental designs (SCED) in research, but few if any, of the published studies use the effect sizes recommended by the American Psychological Association. Among the available methods for analysing single case designs, this paper focuses on nonoverlap methods. This paper provides examples and suggestions for integra...

OBJECTIVE Participant self-report data play an essential role in the evaluation of health education activities, programmes and policies. When questionnaire items do not have a clear mapping to a performance-based continuum, percentile norms are useful for communicating individual test results to users. Similarly, when assessing programme impact, the comparison of effect sizes for group differen...

Background. In recent years, researchers have investigated the relationship between facial width-to-height ratio (FWHR) and a variety of threat and dominance behaviours. The majority of methods involved measuring FWHR from 2D photographs of faces. However, individuals can vary dramatically in their appearance across images, which poses an obvious problem for reliable FWHR measurement. Methods. ...

BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to assess the effect of changes in mental health status on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents aged 8 - 18 years. METHODS A representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents aged 8-18 years completed the self-administered KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire at baseline and after 3 years. Mental health status was measured ...

The previous articles of the Statistical Round in the Korean Journal of Anesthesiology posed a strong enquiry on the issue of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). P values lie at the core of NHST and are used to classify all treatments into two groups: "has a significant effect" or "does not have a significant effect." NHST is frequently criticized for its misinterpretation of relations...

While Distance-Weighted Discrimination (DWD) is an appealing approach to classification in high dimensions, it was designed for balanced data sets. In the case of unequal costs, biased sampling or unbalanced data, there are major improvements available, using appropriately weighted versions of DWD. A major contribution of this paper is the development of optimal weighting schemes for various no...

In the literature, numerous statistical analyses are used to quantify asymmetry in gait. This study tested the effect size (ES) statistic for quantifying asymmetry in nondisabled and pathological populations. The plantar pressure peaks on eight footprint locations of 27 nondisabled subjects and 18 patients with hemiparesis were bilaterally compared. Asymmetry quantifications were performed with...