vast application of the antibiotic drugs in animals without due attention  to withdrawal times necessitates quality control of food stuff in terms of antibiotics' residues. antibiotic residues in food stuff cause bacterial resistance, allergic reactions, toxicity,  carcinogenic effects and change of natural micro flora of intestine in consumers. so, the aim of the present study is detectio...

Many patients receiving inpatient care or admitted as day cases undergo invasive procedures that place them at potential risk of healthcare-associated infection. Human skin is populated with microorganisms most of which are harmless, however some have pathogenic potential. This article outlines the protective function of intact skin and describes its resident and transient microbial flora. The ...

Introduction Cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) gel is widely used in esthetic medicine. Late bacterial infection (LBI) is a rare, but severe complication after HA augmentation. The aim of this study was to determine whether patients who underwent the HA injection procedure and developed LBI had qualitatively different bacterial flora on the skin compared to patients who underwent the procedure ...

Skin as the largest organ of human body is significantly colonized by a variety of bacterial and fungal population [1,2]. Today the percent of opportunistic fungal infections is increasing, so when considering the role of skin as a reservoir from which infection of a susceptible host can occur, determining the fungal microbiome specially Candida is important [3]. Two of the most factors influen...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Many factors influence occurrences of vulvovaginitis. The aims here were to assess skin color and age-related differences in the vaginal flora and occurrences of vulvovaginitis. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study; tertiary referral hospital (Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba). METHODS Healthy women who underwent routine outpatient gynecological a...

The concept of probiotic has been around for more than century. Their impact on human nutrition is still an emerging science, and knowledge of human intestinal micro flora is still growing. To determine the positive effect of probiotic strain, necessary tools are required to monitor the specific strain in the intestines. The addition of molecular methods to conventional microbiological methods ...

The human skin is a complex ecosystem that hosts a heterogeneous flora. Until recently, the diversity of the cutaneous microbiota was mainly investigated for bacteria through culture based assays subsequently confirmed by molecular techniques. There are now many evidences that viruses represent a significant part of the cutaneous flora as demonstrated by the asymptomatic carriage of beta and ga...